184
Tada K, Tokoro T, Watanabe K et al (2014b) Continuous measurements of air-sea CO 2 flux in
an eelgrass meadow. J Jpn Soc Civ Eng Ser B2 70:I_1191–I_1195 (in Japanese with English
abstract)
Tada K, Tokoro T, Watanabe K et al (2015) Observation and statistical predictions of CO 2 fugacity shallow waters in Japan. J Jpn Soc Civ Eng Ser B2 71:I_1333–I_1338 (in Japanese with
English abstract)
Takahashi T, Sutherland S, Wanninkhof R et al (2009) Climatological mean and decadal change
in surface ocean pCO 2 , and net sea–air CO 2 flux over the global oceans. Deep Sea Res II
56:554–577
Tokoro T, Kuwae T (2015) Data management of air-sea CO 2 gas exchanges by the eddy covariance
technique. J Jpn Soc Civ Eng Ser B2 71:I_1747–I_1752 (in Japanese with English abstract)
Tokoro T, Kuwae T (2018) Improved post-processing of eddy-covariance data to quantify atmosphere- aquatic ecosystem CO 2 exchanges. Front Mar Sci 5: 286. doi: 10.3389/
fmars.2018.00286
Tokoro T, Watanabe A, Kayanne H et al (2007) Measurement of air-water CO 2 transfer at four
coastal sites using a chamber method. J Mar Syst 66:140–149
Tokoro T, Kayanne H, Watanabe A et al (2008) High gas-transfer velocity in coastal regions
with high energy-dissipation rates. J Geophys Res Oceans 113:C11006. https://doi.
org/10.1029/2007JC004528
Tokoro T, Hosokawa S, Miyoshi E et al (2014) Net uptake of atmospheric CO 2 by coastal submerged aquatic vegetation. Glob Chang Biol 20:1873–1884
Tsunogai S, Watanabe S, Sato T (1999) Is there a continental shelf pump for the absorption of
atmospheric CO 2 ? Tellus 51:701–712
Wanninkhof R (1992) Relationship between wind-speed and gas-flux over the ocean. J Geophys
Res Oceans 97:7373–7382
Ware JR, Smith SV, Reaka-Kudla ML (1992) Coral reefs: sources or sinks of atmospheric CO 2 ?
Coral Reefs 11:127–130
Watanabe K, Kuwae T (2015a) Radiocarbon isotopic evidence for assimilation of atmospheric
CO 2 by the seagrass Zostera marina. Biogeosciences 12:6251–6258
Watanabe K, Kuwae T (2015b) How organic carbon derived from multiple sources contributes to
carbon sequestration processes in a shallow coastal system? Glob Chang Biol 21:2612–2623
Watanabe A, Nakamura T (2018) Carbon dynamics in coral reefs, Kuwae T, Hori M Blue carbon in shallow coastal ecosystems: carbon dynamics, policy, and implementation. Springer,
Singapore, pp 273-293
Watanabe A, Yamamoto T, Nadaoka K et al (2013) Spatiotemporal variations in CO 2 flux in a fringing reef simulated using a novel carbonate system dynamics model. Coral Reefs 32:239–254
Watson AJ, Upstill-Goddard RC, Liss PS (1991) Air–sea gas flux in rough and stormy seas measured by a dual-tracer technique. Nature 349:145–147
Weiss RF (1974) Carbon dioxide in water and seawater: the solubility of a nonideal gas. Mar Chem
2:203–215
Yoshida G, Hori M, Shimabukuro H, Hamaoka H, Onitsuka T, Hasegawa N, Muraoka D, Yatsuya
K, Watanabe K, Nakaoka M (2018) Carbon sequestration by seagrass and macroalgae in Japan:
estimates and future needs. In: Kuwae T, Hori M (eds) Blue carbon in shallow coastal ecosystems: carbon dynamics, policy, and implementation. Springer, Singapore, pp 101–127
Zeebe RE, Wolf-Gladrow D (2001) CO 2 in seawater: equilibrium, kinetics, isotopes. Elsevier,
Amsterdam
T. Tokoro et al.
Tada K, Tokoro T, Watanabe K et al (2014b) Continuous measurements of air-sea CO 2 flux in
an eelgrass meadow. J Jpn Soc Civ Eng Ser B2 70:I_1191–I_1195 (in Japanese with English
abstract)
Tada K, Tokoro T, Watanabe K et al (2015) Observation and statistical predictions of CO 2 fugacity shallow waters in Japan. J Jpn Soc Civ Eng Ser B2 71:I_1333–I_1338 (in Japanese with
English abstract)
Takahashi T, Sutherland S, Wanninkhof R et al (2009) Climatological mean and decadal change
in surface ocean pCO 2 , and net sea–air CO 2 flux over the global oceans. Deep Sea Res II
56:554–577
Tokoro T, Kuwae T (2015) Data management of air-sea CO 2 gas exchanges by the eddy covariance
technique. J Jpn Soc Civ Eng Ser B2 71:I_1747–I_1752 (in Japanese with English abstract)
Tokoro T, Kuwae T (2018) Improved post-processing of eddy-covariance data to quantify atmosphere- aquatic ecosystem CO 2 exchanges. Front Mar Sci 5: 286. doi: 10.3389/
fmars.2018.00286
Tokoro T, Watanabe A, Kayanne H et al (2007) Measurement of air-water CO 2 transfer at four
coastal sites using a chamber method. J Mar Syst 66:140–149
Tokoro T, Kayanne H, Watanabe A et al (2008) High gas-transfer velocity in coastal regions
with high energy-dissipation rates. J Geophys Res Oceans 113:C11006. https://doi.
org/10.1029/2007JC004528
Tokoro T, Hosokawa S, Miyoshi E et al (2014) Net uptake of atmospheric CO 2 by coastal submerged aquatic vegetation. Glob Chang Biol 20:1873–1884
Tsunogai S, Watanabe S, Sato T (1999) Is there a continental shelf pump for the absorption of
atmospheric CO 2 ? Tellus 51:701–712
Wanninkhof R (1992) Relationship between wind-speed and gas-flux over the ocean. J Geophys
Res Oceans 97:7373–7382
Ware JR, Smith SV, Reaka-Kudla ML (1992) Coral reefs: sources or sinks of atmospheric CO 2 ?
Coral Reefs 11:127–130
Watanabe K, Kuwae T (2015a) Radiocarbon isotopic evidence for assimilation of atmospheric
CO 2 by the seagrass Zostera marina. Biogeosciences 12:6251–6258
Watanabe K, Kuwae T (2015b) How organic carbon derived from multiple sources contributes to
carbon sequestration processes in a shallow coastal system? Glob Chang Biol 21:2612–2623
Watanabe A, Nakamura T (2018) Carbon dynamics in coral reefs, Kuwae T, Hori M Blue carbon in shallow coastal ecosystems: carbon dynamics, policy, and implementation. Springer,
Singapore, pp 273-293
Watanabe A, Yamamoto T, Nadaoka K et al (2013) Spatiotemporal variations in CO 2 flux in a fringing reef simulated using a novel carbonate system dynamics model. Coral Reefs 32:239–254
Watson AJ, Upstill-Goddard RC, Liss PS (1991) Air–sea gas flux in rough and stormy seas measured by a dual-tracer technique. Nature 349:145–147
Weiss RF (1974) Carbon dioxide in water and seawater: the solubility of a nonideal gas. Mar Chem
2:203–215
Yoshida G, Hori M, Shimabukuro H, Hamaoka H, Onitsuka T, Hasegawa N, Muraoka D, Yatsuya
K, Watanabe K, Nakaoka M (2018) Carbon sequestration by seagrass and macroalgae in Japan:
estimates and future needs. In: Kuwae T, Hori M (eds) Blue carbon in shallow coastal ecosystems: carbon dynamics, policy, and implementation. Springer, Singapore, pp 101–127
Zeebe RE, Wolf-Gladrow D (2001) CO 2 in seawater: equilibrium, kinetics, isotopes. Elsevier,
Amsterdam
T. Tokoro et al.