241
has no significant effect or inhibits nitrogen fixation in Trichodesmium (Böttjer et al.
2014; Gradoville et al. 2014). These different findings can be attributed to inherent
physiological characteristics of species as well as different marine environments
and experimental conditions. Due to different responses of different nitrogen-fixing
organisms to OA, the structure of communities and biodiversity are bound to change
with progressive OA (Hutchins et al. 2013; Gradoville et al. 2014).
Fig. 12.2 Upper panel: OA-induced upregulates (red) or downregulates (green) metabolic pathways
of calcified phytoplankton organisms. Lower panel: both microcosm (a) and mesocosm (b) experiments show significantly increased concentrations of phenolics in phytoplankton under acidification. As required for the degradation of phenolics, cells upregulate several metabolic pathways
such as β-oxidation, the TCA cycle, and glycolysis (upper panel), so as to gain more energy to resist
OA (Jin et al. 2015)
12 Effects of Ocean Acidification and UV Radiation on Marine Photosynthetic…
has no significant effect or inhibits nitrogen fixation in Trichodesmium (Böttjer et al.
2014; Gradoville et al. 2014). These different findings can be attributed to inherent
physiological characteristics of species as well as different marine environments
and experimental conditions. Due to different responses of different nitrogen-fixing
organisms to OA, the structure of communities and biodiversity are bound to change
with progressive OA (Hutchins et al. 2013; Gradoville et al. 2014).
Fig. 12.2 Upper panel: OA-induced upregulates (red) or downregulates (green) metabolic pathways
of calcified phytoplankton organisms. Lower panel: both microcosm (a) and mesocosm (b) experiments show significantly increased concentrations of phenolics in phytoplankton under acidification. As required for the degradation of phenolics, cells upregulate several metabolic pathways
such as β-oxidation, the TCA cycle, and glycolysis (upper panel), so as to gain more energy to resist
OA (Jin et al. 2015)
12 Effects of Ocean Acidification and UV Radiation on Marine Photosynthetic…