189
© Springer International Publishing AG 2017
M. Kumar, P. Ralph (eds.), Systems Biology of Marine Ecosystems,
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-62094-7_9
Chapter 9
Gas and Liquid Chromatography-Mass
Spectrometry-Based Metabolic Profiling
of Marine Angiosperm Zostera muelleri
(Alismatales, Zosteraceae)
Unnikrishnan Kuzhiumparambil, Manoj Kumar, and Peter Ralph
Abstract Seagrasses are monocotyledonous marine flowering plants that are considered lungs of the sea and are the most intense carbon sinks on the planet, delivering a range of ecologically and economically valuable biological services. In this
study, we report the chemical fingerprint of Zostera muelleri using an untargeted
metabolomic approach. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were performed to study the metabolic profile of Z. muelleri. A total of 98 metabolites
belonging to various chemical classes including flavonoids, phenolics, lipids, fatty
acids, sugar alcohols and amino acids were identified, including two characteristic
marker compounds of the genus, zosteric acid and rosmarinic acid. Chromatographic
profiling yield a comprehensive map for the chemical constituents of Z. muelleri,
and this method can be used as an effective and convenient approach to gain insights
into the chemical composition of other seagrasses.
Keywords Seagrass • Zostera muelleri • Metabolomics • GC-MS • LC-MS •
Primary and secondary metabolites
Unnikrishnan Kuzhiumparambil and Manoj Kumar contributed equally to this work.
U. Kuzhiumparambil (*) • M. Kumar • P. Ralph
Climate Change Cluster, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney,
Sydney, NSW, Australia
e-mail: Unnikrishnan.Kuzhiumparambil@uts.edu.au
Contents
9.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 190
9.2 Material and Methods ...................................................................................................... 191
9.2.1 Chemicals ............................................................................................................ 191
9.2.2 Extraction and Sample Preparation ..................................................................... 191
9.2.3 Instrumentation .................................................................................................... 192
9.2.4 Chromatographic Peak Identification .................................................................. 192
© Springer International Publishing AG 2017
M. Kumar, P. Ralph (eds.), Systems Biology of Marine Ecosystems,
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-62094-7_9
Chapter 9
Gas and Liquid Chromatography-Mass
Spectrometry-Based Metabolic Profiling
of Marine Angiosperm Zostera muelleri
(Alismatales, Zosteraceae)
Unnikrishnan Kuzhiumparambil, Manoj Kumar, and Peter Ralph
Abstract Seagrasses are monocotyledonous marine flowering plants that are considered lungs of the sea and are the most intense carbon sinks on the planet, delivering a range of ecologically and economically valuable biological services. In this
study, we report the chemical fingerprint of Zostera muelleri using an untargeted
metabolomic approach. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were performed to study the metabolic profile of Z. muelleri. A total of 98 metabolites
belonging to various chemical classes including flavonoids, phenolics, lipids, fatty
acids, sugar alcohols and amino acids were identified, including two characteristic
marker compounds of the genus, zosteric acid and rosmarinic acid. Chromatographic
profiling yield a comprehensive map for the chemical constituents of Z. muelleri,
and this method can be used as an effective and convenient approach to gain insights
into the chemical composition of other seagrasses.
Keywords Seagrass • Zostera muelleri • Metabolomics • GC-MS • LC-MS •
Primary and secondary metabolites
Unnikrishnan Kuzhiumparambil and Manoj Kumar contributed equally to this work.
U. Kuzhiumparambil (*) • M. Kumar • P. Ralph
Climate Change Cluster, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney,
Sydney, NSW, Australia
e-mail: Unnikrishnan.Kuzhiumparambil@uts.edu.au
Contents
9.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 190
9.2 Material and Methods ...................................................................................................... 191
9.2.1 Chemicals ............................................................................................................ 191
9.2.2 Extraction and Sample Preparation ..................................................................... 191
9.2.3 Instrumentation .................................................................................................... 192
9.2.4 Chromatographic Peak Identification .................................................................. 192