9. Creeping Fruitless Falls
145
McNeeley JA, Miller KR, Reid WV, Mittermeier RA, Werner TB (1990) Conserving the
world's biological diversity. mCN, Gland, Switzerland; WRI, CI, SSF-US and the World
Bank, Washington DC
Menges ES (1991a) The application of minimum viable population theory to plants. In: Falk
DA, Holsinger KE (Eds) Genetics and conservation of rare plants. Oxford Univ Press,
New York, pp 45-61
Menges ES (1991b) Seed germination percentage increases with population size in a fragmented prairie species. Conserv Bioi 5:158-164
Nishihiro J, Washitani I (1998a) Patterns and consequences of self-pollen deposition on
stigmas in heterostylous Persicaria japonica (polygonaceae). Am J Bot 85:352-359
Nishihiro J, Washitani I (1998b) Effect of population spatial structure on pollination and
seed set of a clonal distylous plant Persicaria japonica (Polygonaceae). J Plant Res 111
(in press)
Nishihiro J, Tomobe K, Washitani I (1998) Effects of habitat fragmentation on seed set in
Persicaria japonica populations. Jap J Conserv Ecol 3:97-110 (in Japanese)
Pavlik BM, Nickrent DL, Howald AM (1993) The recovery of an endangered plant, I. Creating a new population ofAmsinckia grandiflora. Conserv Bioi 7:510-526
Richards JH (1986) Plant breeding systems. Allen & Unwin, London
Silvertown JW, Lovett Doust J (1993) Introduction to plant population biology. Blackwell,
London
Washitani I (1987) A convenient screening test system and a model for thermal germination
responses of wild plant seeds, behavior of model and real seeds in the system. Plant
Cell Environment 10:587-598
Washitani I (1996) Predicted genetic consequences of strong fertility selection due to pollinator loss in an isolated population of Primula sieboldii an endangered heterostylous
species. Conserv Bioi 10:59-62
Washitani I, Kabaya H (1988) Germination responses to temperature responsible for the
seedling emergence seasonality of Primula sieboldii E. Morren in its natural habitat.
Ecol Res 3:9-20
Washitani I, Masuda M (1990) A comparative study of the germination characteristics of
seeds from a moist tall grassland community. Functional Ecol 4:543-557
Washitani I, Namai II, Osawa R, Niwa M (1991) Species biology of Primula sieboldii for
the conservation of its lowland-habitat population: I. Inter-clonal variations in the flowering phenology, pollen load and female fertility components. Plant Species Bioi 6:2737
Washitani I, Osawa R, Namai H, Niwa M (1994a) Patterns of female fertility in heterostylous
Primula sieboldii under severe pollinator limitation. J Ecol 82:571-579
Washitani I, Kato M, Nishihiro J, Suzuki K (1994b) Importance of queen bumble bees as
pollinators facilitating inter-morph crossing in Primula sieboldii. Plant Species Bioi
9:169-176
Washitani I, Okayama Y, Sato K, Takahashi H, Ogushi T (1996) Spatial variation in female
fertility related to interactions with flower consumers and pathogens in a forest
metapopulation of Primula sieboldii. Res Pop Ecol 38:249-256
Wilcox BA, Murphy D (1985) Conservation strategy: the effects offragmentation on extinction. Am Nat 125:879-887
Wyatt R, Hellwig RL (1979) Factors determining fruit set in heterostylous bluets, Houstonia
caerulea (Rubiaceae). Syst Bot 4:103-114
145
McNeeley JA, Miller KR, Reid WV, Mittermeier RA, Werner TB (1990) Conserving the
world's biological diversity. mCN, Gland, Switzerland; WRI, CI, SSF-US and the World
Bank, Washington DC
Menges ES (1991a) The application of minimum viable population theory to plants. In: Falk
DA, Holsinger KE (Eds) Genetics and conservation of rare plants. Oxford Univ Press,
New York, pp 45-61
Menges ES (1991b) Seed germination percentage increases with population size in a fragmented prairie species. Conserv Bioi 5:158-164
Nishihiro J, Washitani I (1998a) Patterns and consequences of self-pollen deposition on
stigmas in heterostylous Persicaria japonica (polygonaceae). Am J Bot 85:352-359
Nishihiro J, Washitani I (1998b) Effect of population spatial structure on pollination and
seed set of a clonal distylous plant Persicaria japonica (Polygonaceae). J Plant Res 111
(in press)
Nishihiro J, Tomobe K, Washitani I (1998) Effects of habitat fragmentation on seed set in
Persicaria japonica populations. Jap J Conserv Ecol 3:97-110 (in Japanese)
Pavlik BM, Nickrent DL, Howald AM (1993) The recovery of an endangered plant, I. Creating a new population ofAmsinckia grandiflora. Conserv Bioi 7:510-526
Richards JH (1986) Plant breeding systems. Allen & Unwin, London
Silvertown JW, Lovett Doust J (1993) Introduction to plant population biology. Blackwell,
London
Washitani I (1987) A convenient screening test system and a model for thermal germination
responses of wild plant seeds, behavior of model and real seeds in the system. Plant
Cell Environment 10:587-598
Washitani I (1996) Predicted genetic consequences of strong fertility selection due to pollinator loss in an isolated population of Primula sieboldii an endangered heterostylous
species. Conserv Bioi 10:59-62
Washitani I, Kabaya H (1988) Germination responses to temperature responsible for the
seedling emergence seasonality of Primula sieboldii E. Morren in its natural habitat.
Ecol Res 3:9-20
Washitani I, Masuda M (1990) A comparative study of the germination characteristics of
seeds from a moist tall grassland community. Functional Ecol 4:543-557
Washitani I, Namai II, Osawa R, Niwa M (1991) Species biology of Primula sieboldii for
the conservation of its lowland-habitat population: I. Inter-clonal variations in the flowering phenology, pollen load and female fertility components. Plant Species Bioi 6:2737
Washitani I, Osawa R, Namai H, Niwa M (1994a) Patterns of female fertility in heterostylous
Primula sieboldii under severe pollinator limitation. J Ecol 82:571-579
Washitani I, Kato M, Nishihiro J, Suzuki K (1994b) Importance of queen bumble bees as
pollinators facilitating inter-morph crossing in Primula sieboldii. Plant Species Bioi
9:169-176
Washitani I, Okayama Y, Sato K, Takahashi H, Ogushi T (1996) Spatial variation in female
fertility related to interactions with flower consumers and pathogens in a forest
metapopulation of Primula sieboldii. Res Pop Ecol 38:249-256
Wilcox BA, Murphy D (1985) Conservation strategy: the effects offragmentation on extinction. Am Nat 125:879-887
Wyatt R, Hellwig RL (1979) Factors determining fruit set in heterostylous bluets, Houstonia
caerulea (Rubiaceae). Syst Bot 4:103-114