4. Methods of Estimating Be10wground Net Primary Production
71
O'Neill, R.V.; Gardner, R.H.; Carney, J.H. Parameter
constraints in a stream ecosystem model: Incorporation of a priori information in Monte Carlo error analysis. Ecol. Model. 16:51--65; 1982.
Persson, H.A Root dynamics in a young Scots pine stand
in central Sweden. Oikos 30:508-519; 1978.
Persson, H.A Fine root production, mortality and decomposition in forest ecosystems. Vegetatio 41: 10 1109; 1979.
Persson, H.A The distribution and production of fine
roots in boreal forests. Plant Soil 71:87-101; 1983.
Publicover, D.A; Vogt, K.A A comparison of methods
for estimating forest fine root production with respect
to sources of error. Can. J. For. Res. 23:1179-1186;
1993.
Raich, lW.; Nadelhoffer, KJ. Belowground carbon allocation in forest ecosystems: Global trends. Ecology
70:1346-1354; 1989.
Sala, O.B.; Biondini, M.E.; Lauenroth, W.K. Bias in estimates of primary production: An analytical solution.
Ecol. Model. 44:43-55; 1988.
Santantonio, D.; Grace, lC. Estimating fine root production and turnover from biomass and decomposition
data: A compartment flow model. Can. J. For. Res.
17:900-908; 1987.
Sims, P.L.; Singh, J.S. The structure and function of ten
western North American grasslands. III. Net primary
production, turnover and efficiencies of energy capture
and water use. 1 Ecol. 66:573-97; 1978.
Singh, J.S.; Lauenroth, w.K.; Hunt, H.W.; Swift, D.M.
Bias and random errors in estimators of net root production: A simulation approach. Ecology 65:17601764; 1984.
Smith, EW.; Resh, S.C. Age-related changes in production and below-ground carbon allocation in Pinus contorta forests. For. Sci. 45:1-9; 1999.
Smucker, AlM. Soil environmental modifications of
root dynamics and root measurement. Annu. Rev.
Phytopathol. 31:193-216; 1993.
Smucker, AJ.M.; McBurney, S.L.; Srivastava, AK.
Quantitative separation of roots from compacted soil
profiles by the hydropneumatic elutriation system.
Agron. J. 74:500-503; 1982.
Upchurch, D.R.; Richie, J.T. Root observations using a
video recording system in minirhizotrons. Agron. J.
75:1009-15; 1983.
Vogt, K.A Carbon budgets of temperate forests. Tree
Physiol. 9:69-86; 1991.
Wiegert, R.G.; Evans, EC. Primary production and the
disappearance of dead vegetation on an old field in
southeastern Michigan. Ecology 45:49-63; 1964.
71
O'Neill, R.V.; Gardner, R.H.; Carney, J.H. Parameter
constraints in a stream ecosystem model: Incorporation of a priori information in Monte Carlo error analysis. Ecol. Model. 16:51--65; 1982.
Persson, H.A Root dynamics in a young Scots pine stand
in central Sweden. Oikos 30:508-519; 1978.
Persson, H.A Fine root production, mortality and decomposition in forest ecosystems. Vegetatio 41: 10 1109; 1979.
Persson, H.A The distribution and production of fine
roots in boreal forests. Plant Soil 71:87-101; 1983.
Publicover, D.A; Vogt, K.A A comparison of methods
for estimating forest fine root production with respect
to sources of error. Can. J. For. Res. 23:1179-1186;
1993.
Raich, lW.; Nadelhoffer, KJ. Belowground carbon allocation in forest ecosystems: Global trends. Ecology
70:1346-1354; 1989.
Sala, O.B.; Biondini, M.E.; Lauenroth, W.K. Bias in estimates of primary production: An analytical solution.
Ecol. Model. 44:43-55; 1988.
Santantonio, D.; Grace, lC. Estimating fine root production and turnover from biomass and decomposition
data: A compartment flow model. Can. J. For. Res.
17:900-908; 1987.
Sims, P.L.; Singh, J.S. The structure and function of ten
western North American grasslands. III. Net primary
production, turnover and efficiencies of energy capture
and water use. 1 Ecol. 66:573-97; 1978.
Singh, J.S.; Lauenroth, w.K.; Hunt, H.W.; Swift, D.M.
Bias and random errors in estimators of net root production: A simulation approach. Ecology 65:17601764; 1984.
Smith, EW.; Resh, S.C. Age-related changes in production and below-ground carbon allocation in Pinus contorta forests. For. Sci. 45:1-9; 1999.
Smucker, AlM. Soil environmental modifications of
root dynamics and root measurement. Annu. Rev.
Phytopathol. 31:193-216; 1993.
Smucker, AJ.M.; McBurney, S.L.; Srivastava, AK.
Quantitative separation of roots from compacted soil
profiles by the hydropneumatic elutriation system.
Agron. J. 74:500-503; 1982.
Upchurch, D.R.; Richie, J.T. Root observations using a
video recording system in minirhizotrons. Agron. J.
75:1009-15; 1983.
Vogt, K.A Carbon budgets of temperate forests. Tree
Physiol. 9:69-86; 1991.
Wiegert, R.G.; Evans, EC. Primary production and the
disappearance of dead vegetation on an old field in
southeastern Michigan. Ecology 45:49-63; 1964.