306
Valerie T. Eviner, F. Stuart Chapin III, and Charles E. Vaughn
tiflorum Lam. after nitrogen fertilization is explained
by a stimulation of the uptake process itself. Plant Soil
173:197-203; 1995.
Lovell, R.D.; Hatch, DJ. Stimulation of microbial activity following spring applications of nitrogen. BioI.
Fertil. Soils 26:28-30; 1998.
Magill, AH.; Aber, J.D.; Hendricks, 1.1.; Bowden, R.D.;
Melillo, J.M.; Steudler, P.A Biogeochemical response
of forest ecosystems to simulated chronic nitrogen
deposition. EcoI. Applic. 7:402-415; 1997.
Malhi, S.S.; Nyborg, M.; Solberg, E.D. Recovery of lsN_
labeled urea as influenced by straw addition and
method of placement. Can. J. Soil Sci. 69:543-550;
1989.
Marrs, R.H. Techniques for reducing soil fertility for nature conservation purposes: A review in relation to
research at Roper's Heath, Suffolk, England. BioI.
Conserv. 34:307-332; 1985.
Muller, M.M. The fate of clover-derived nitrogen eSN)
during decomposition under field conditions: Effects
of soil type. Plant Soil 105:141-147; 1988.
Munzenberger, B.; Schmincke, B.; Strubelt, F.; Huttl,
R.F. Reaction of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal
scots pine fine roots along a deposition gradient of air
pollutants in eastern Germany. Water Air Soil Pollut.
85:1191-1196; 1995.
Nadelhoffer, K.J.; Downs, M.R.; Fry, B.; Aber, J.D.; Magill, AH.; Melillo, J.M. The fate of lsN-labeled nitrate
additions to a northern hardwood forest in eastern
Maine, USA Oecologia 103:292-301; 1995.
Nannipieri, P.; Ciardi, c.; Palazzi, T. Plant uptake, microbial immobilization, and residual soil fertilizer of
urea-nitrogen in a grass-legume association. Soil Sci.
Soc. Am. J. 49:452-457; 1985.
Nommik, H.; Pluth, D.J.; Larsson, K.; Mahendrappa,
M.K. Isotopic fractionation accompanying fertilizer
nitrogen transformations in soil and trees of a Scots
pine ecosystem. Plant Soil 158:169-182; 1994.
Norton, J.M.; Firestone, M.K. N dynamics in the rhizosphere of Pinus ponderosa seedlings. Soil BioI.
Biochem. 28:351-362; 1996.
Pilbeam, CJ.; McNeill, AM.; Harris, H.C.; Swift, R.S.
Effect of fertilizer rate and form on the recovery of
lsN-labeled fertilizer applied to wheat in Syria. J.
Agric. Sci. 128:415-424; 1997.
Power, J.F.; Wilhelm, W.w.; Doran, J.w. Recovery of
fertilizer nitrogen by wheat as affected by fallow
method. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 50:1499-1503; 1986.
Preston, C.M.; Mead, DJ. Growth response and recovery
of lsN-fertilizer one and eight growing seasons after
application to lodgepole pine in British Columbia. For.
EcoI. Manage. 65:219-229; 1994.
Randlett, D.L.; Zak, D.R.; Macdonald, N.W. Sulfate adsorption and microbial immobilization in northern
hardwood forests along an atmospheric deposition
gradient. Can. J. For. Res. 22:1843-1850; 1992.
Rastetter, E.B.; Shaver, G.R. A model of multiple element limitation for acclimating vegetation. Ecology
73(4):1157-1174; 1992.
Recous, S., Machet, J.M.; Mary, R. The partitioning of
fertilizer-N between soil and crop: Comparison of ammonium and nitrate applications. Plant Soil 144:101111; 1992.
Redfield, AC. The biological control of chemical factors
in the environment. Am. Sci. 46:205-221; 1958.
Rogers, K.H.; Breen, P.F.; Chick, AJ. Nitrogen removal
in experimental wetland treatment systems: Evidence
for the role of aquatic plants. Res. J. Water Pollut.
Contr. Fed. 63:934-941; 1991.
Rutherford, P.M.; Juma, N.G. Effect of glucose amendment on microbial biomass, spelling fertilizer lsN_
recovery and distribution in a barley-soil-system. BioI.
Fertil. Soils 12:228-232; 1992.
Schimel, D.S. Theory and application of Tracers. New
York: Academic; 1993.
Schlesinger, W.H. Biogeochemistry: An Analysis of
Global Change. New York: Academic; 1997.
Shaver, G.R.; Chapin, F.S., III. Response to fertilization
by various plant growth forms in an Alaskan tundra:
Nutrient accumulation and growth. Ecology 61:662675; 1980.
Shaver, G.R.; Chapin, F.S., III, Gartner, B.L. Factors limiting seasonal growth and peak biomass accumulation
in Eriophorum vaginatum in Alaskan tussock tundra.
J EcoI. 74:257-278; 1986.
Shaver, G.R.; Chapin, F.S., III. Long-term responses to
factorial NPK fertilizer treatment by Alaskan wet and
moist tundra sedge species. Ecography 18:259-275;
1995.
Shock, c.c.; Jones, M.B.; Williams, W.A; Center, D.M.
Effect of sulfur fertilization on three annual range species I. Laughlin soil experiment. Agron. J. 75:515520; 1983.
Stamford, N.P.; Ortega, A.D.; Temprano, F.; Santos, D.R.
Effects of phosphorus fertilization and inoculation of
Bradyrhizobium andmycorrhizal fungi on growth of
Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia in an acid soil. Soil BioI.
Biochem. 29:959-964; 1997.
Tamm, C.O. Some observations on nutrient turnover in
a bog community dominated by Eriophorum vaginatum L. Oikos 5:189-194; 1954.
Tanner, E.VJ.; Vitousek, P.M.; Cuevas, E. Experimental
investigation of nutrient limitation of forest growth on
wet tropical mountains. Ecology 79:10--22; 1998.
Tilman, D. Plant strategies and the dynamics and function of plant communities. Princeton, NJ: Princeton
Univ. Pr.; 1988.
Tisdale, S.L.; Nelson, w.L.; Beaton, J.D.; Havlin, J.L.
Soil fertility and fertilizers. New York: Macmillan;
1993.
Valerie T. Eviner, F. Stuart Chapin III, and Charles E. Vaughn
tiflorum Lam. after nitrogen fertilization is explained
by a stimulation of the uptake process itself. Plant Soil
173:197-203; 1995.
Lovell, R.D.; Hatch, DJ. Stimulation of microbial activity following spring applications of nitrogen. BioI.
Fertil. Soils 26:28-30; 1998.
Magill, AH.; Aber, J.D.; Hendricks, 1.1.; Bowden, R.D.;
Melillo, J.M.; Steudler, P.A Biogeochemical response
of forest ecosystems to simulated chronic nitrogen
deposition. EcoI. Applic. 7:402-415; 1997.
Malhi, S.S.; Nyborg, M.; Solberg, E.D. Recovery of lsN_
labeled urea as influenced by straw addition and
method of placement. Can. J. Soil Sci. 69:543-550;
1989.
Marrs, R.H. Techniques for reducing soil fertility for nature conservation purposes: A review in relation to
research at Roper's Heath, Suffolk, England. BioI.
Conserv. 34:307-332; 1985.
Muller, M.M. The fate of clover-derived nitrogen eSN)
during decomposition under field conditions: Effects
of soil type. Plant Soil 105:141-147; 1988.
Munzenberger, B.; Schmincke, B.; Strubelt, F.; Huttl,
R.F. Reaction of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal
scots pine fine roots along a deposition gradient of air
pollutants in eastern Germany. Water Air Soil Pollut.
85:1191-1196; 1995.
Nadelhoffer, K.J.; Downs, M.R.; Fry, B.; Aber, J.D.; Magill, AH.; Melillo, J.M. The fate of lsN-labeled nitrate
additions to a northern hardwood forest in eastern
Maine, USA Oecologia 103:292-301; 1995.
Nannipieri, P.; Ciardi, c.; Palazzi, T. Plant uptake, microbial immobilization, and residual soil fertilizer of
urea-nitrogen in a grass-legume association. Soil Sci.
Soc. Am. J. 49:452-457; 1985.
Nommik, H.; Pluth, D.J.; Larsson, K.; Mahendrappa,
M.K. Isotopic fractionation accompanying fertilizer
nitrogen transformations in soil and trees of a Scots
pine ecosystem. Plant Soil 158:169-182; 1994.
Norton, J.M.; Firestone, M.K. N dynamics in the rhizosphere of Pinus ponderosa seedlings. Soil BioI.
Biochem. 28:351-362; 1996.
Pilbeam, CJ.; McNeill, AM.; Harris, H.C.; Swift, R.S.
Effect of fertilizer rate and form on the recovery of
lsN-labeled fertilizer applied to wheat in Syria. J.
Agric. Sci. 128:415-424; 1997.
Power, J.F.; Wilhelm, W.w.; Doran, J.w. Recovery of
fertilizer nitrogen by wheat as affected by fallow
method. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 50:1499-1503; 1986.
Preston, C.M.; Mead, DJ. Growth response and recovery
of lsN-fertilizer one and eight growing seasons after
application to lodgepole pine in British Columbia. For.
EcoI. Manage. 65:219-229; 1994.
Randlett, D.L.; Zak, D.R.; Macdonald, N.W. Sulfate adsorption and microbial immobilization in northern
hardwood forests along an atmospheric deposition
gradient. Can. J. For. Res. 22:1843-1850; 1992.
Rastetter, E.B.; Shaver, G.R. A model of multiple element limitation for acclimating vegetation. Ecology
73(4):1157-1174; 1992.
Recous, S., Machet, J.M.; Mary, R. The partitioning of
fertilizer-N between soil and crop: Comparison of ammonium and nitrate applications. Plant Soil 144:101111; 1992.
Redfield, AC. The biological control of chemical factors
in the environment. Am. Sci. 46:205-221; 1958.
Rogers, K.H.; Breen, P.F.; Chick, AJ. Nitrogen removal
in experimental wetland treatment systems: Evidence
for the role of aquatic plants. Res. J. Water Pollut.
Contr. Fed. 63:934-941; 1991.
Rutherford, P.M.; Juma, N.G. Effect of glucose amendment on microbial biomass, spelling fertilizer lsN_
recovery and distribution in a barley-soil-system. BioI.
Fertil. Soils 12:228-232; 1992.
Schimel, D.S. Theory and application of Tracers. New
York: Academic; 1993.
Schlesinger, W.H. Biogeochemistry: An Analysis of
Global Change. New York: Academic; 1997.
Shaver, G.R.; Chapin, F.S., III. Response to fertilization
by various plant growth forms in an Alaskan tundra:
Nutrient accumulation and growth. Ecology 61:662675; 1980.
Shaver, G.R.; Chapin, F.S., III, Gartner, B.L. Factors limiting seasonal growth and peak biomass accumulation
in Eriophorum vaginatum in Alaskan tussock tundra.
J EcoI. 74:257-278; 1986.
Shaver, G.R.; Chapin, F.S., III. Long-term responses to
factorial NPK fertilizer treatment by Alaskan wet and
moist tundra sedge species. Ecography 18:259-275;
1995.
Shock, c.c.; Jones, M.B.; Williams, W.A; Center, D.M.
Effect of sulfur fertilization on three annual range species I. Laughlin soil experiment. Agron. J. 75:515520; 1983.
Stamford, N.P.; Ortega, A.D.; Temprano, F.; Santos, D.R.
Effects of phosphorus fertilization and inoculation of
Bradyrhizobium andmycorrhizal fungi on growth of
Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia in an acid soil. Soil BioI.
Biochem. 29:959-964; 1997.
Tamm, C.O. Some observations on nutrient turnover in
a bog community dominated by Eriophorum vaginatum L. Oikos 5:189-194; 1954.
Tanner, E.VJ.; Vitousek, P.M.; Cuevas, E. Experimental
investigation of nutrient limitation of forest growth on
wet tropical mountains. Ecology 79:10--22; 1998.
Tilman, D. Plant strategies and the dynamics and function of plant communities. Princeton, NJ: Princeton
Univ. Pr.; 1988.
Tisdale, S.L.; Nelson, w.L.; Beaton, J.D.; Havlin, J.L.
Soil fertility and fertilizers. New York: Macmillan;
1993.