18. Landscape and Regional Biogeochemistry: Approaches
285
central great plains, sensitivity to climate variability.
BioScience 41:685--692; 1991.
Burke, I.C.; Reiners, W.A; Schimel, D.S. Organic matter
turnover in a sagebrush steppe landscape. Biogeochemistry 7:11-31; 1989.
Burke, I.C.; Schimel, D.S.; Yonker, C.M.; Parton, W.1.;
Joyce, L.A; Lauenroth, W.K. Regional modeling of
grassland biogeochemistry using GIS. Landsc. Ecology 4:45-54; 1990.
Burke, I.C.; Yonker, C.M.; Parton, W.1.; Cole, C.V.;
Flach, K.; Schimel, D.S. Texture, climate, and cultivation effects on soil organic matter content in U.S.
grassland soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 53:800-805;
1989.
Cale, W.G.; O'Neill, R.V.; Shugart, H.H. Development
and application of desirable ecological models. Ecol.
Model. 18:171-186; 1983.
Cole, J.J.; Peierls, B.L.; Caraco, N.F.; Pace, M.L. Nitrogen loading of rivers as a human-driven process. In:
McDonnell, M.1.; Pickett, S.T.A, eds. Humans as
Components of Ecosystems. New York: SpringerVerlag; 1993:163-174.
Coleman, M.B.; Bearly, T.L.; Burke, I.C.; Lauenroth,
W.K. linking ecological simulation models to geographic information systems: an automated solution.
In: Michener, W.; Brunt, 1, eds. Environmental Information Management and Analysis: Ecosystem to
Global Scales. London: E. Taylor and Francis;
1994:397-412.
Coppinger, K.D.; Reiners, W.A; Burke, I.C.; Olson, R.K.
Net erosion on a sagebrush steppe landscape as determined by cesium-137 distribution. Soil Sci. Soc. Am.
J. 55:254-258; 1991.
Costanza, R.; Sklar, F.H.; White, M.L. Modeling coastal
landscape dynamics. BioScience 40:91-107; 1990.
Dockuchaiev, V.V. Russian chernozem. In: Collected
writings. 3. Jerusalem (1967): Israel Progress in Science Transactions; 1883.
Favis-Mortlock, D.T.; Quinton, J.N.; Dickinson, W.T.
The GCTE validation of soil erosion models for global
change studies. J. Soil Water. Conserv. 51:396-401;
1996.
Finley, J.B.; Drever, J.I.; Turk, J.T. Sulfur isotope dynamics in a high-elevation catchment, West Glacier Lake,
Wyoming. Water Air Soil Pollut. 79:227-241; 1995.
Fry, B. Stable isotope diagrams of freshwater food webs.
Ecology 72:2293-2297; 1991.
Giblin, AE.; Nadelhoffer, K.1.; Shaver, G.R.; Laundre,
J.A; McKerrow, A.1. Biogeochemical diversity along
a riverside toposequence in arctic Alaska. Ecol.
Monogr. 61:415-435; 1991.
Gorham, E.; Vitousek, P.; Reiners, W.A The regulation
of chemical budgets over the course of terrestrial ecosystem succession. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 10:53-584;
1979.
Groffman, P.; Hanson, G.C. Wetland denitrification: Influence of site quality and relationships with wetland
delineation protocols. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. 1 61:323329; 1997.
Groffman, P.M. Ecology of nitrification and denitrification in soil evaluated at scales relevant to atmospheric
chemistry. In: Rogers, lE.; Whitman, W.B., eds. Microbial Production and Consumption of Greenhouse
Gases: Methane, Nitrous Oxides, and Halomethanes.
Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
1991:201-217.
Groffman, P.M.; Tiedje, J.M. Denitrification in north
temperate forest soils: Spatial and temporal patterns at
the landscape and seasonal scales. Soil BioI. Biochem.
21:613--620; 1989.
Groffinan, P.M.; Tiedje, J.M.; Mokma, D.L.; Simkins S.
Regional scale analysis of denitrification in north temperate forest soils. Landsc. Ecol. 7:45-53; 1992.
Groffman, P.M.; Tiedje, J.M.; Robertson, G.P.; Christensen, S. Denitrification at different temporal and geographical scales: Proximal and distal controls. In: Wilson, J.R., ed. Advances in Nitrogen Cycling in
Agricultural Ecosystems. Wallingford, UK: CAB International; 1988.
Groffman, P.M.; Turner, C.L. Plant productivity and nitrogen gas fluxes in a tallgrass prairie landscape.
Landsc. Ecol. 10:255-266; 1995.
Groffinan, P.M., Wagenet, R.J. Advances and pitfalls in
expressing land qualities at different scales. Proceedings of the 15th World Congress of Soil Science. Acapulco, Mexico; 1994:662--681.
Groffman, P.M.; Zak, D.R.; Christensen, S.; Mosier, A;
Tiedje, J.M. Early spring nitrogen dynamics in a temperate forest landscape. Ecology 74: 1579-1585; 1993.
Halvorson, J.1.; Bolton, H.; Smith, lL.; Rossi, R.E.
1994. Geostatistical analysis of resource islands under
Artemisia tridentata in the shrub-steppe. Great Basin
Naturalist 54:313-328.
Hanson, G.C.; Groffman, P.M.; Gold, A.1. Symptoms of
nitrogen saturation in a riparian wetland. Ecol. Applic.
4:750-756; 1994.
Hi, H.; Reynolds, IF. Modeling effects of spatial pattern,
drought, and grazing on rates of rangeland degradation: A combined markov and cellular automaton approach. In: Quattrochi, D.A; Goodchild, M.F., eds.
Scale in Remote Sensing and GIS. Boca Raton, FL:
CRC; 1997:211-230.
Howarth, R.W.; Billen, G.; Swaney, D.; Townsend, A;
Jaworski, N.; Lajtha, K.; Downing, J.A.; Elmgren, R.;
Caraco, N.; Jordan, T. et al. Regional nitrogen budgets
and riverine N and P fluxes for the drainages to the
North Atlantic ocean: Natural and human influences.
Biogeochemistry 35:75-139; 1996.
285
central great plains, sensitivity to climate variability.
BioScience 41:685--692; 1991.
Burke, I.C.; Reiners, W.A; Schimel, D.S. Organic matter
turnover in a sagebrush steppe landscape. Biogeochemistry 7:11-31; 1989.
Burke, I.C.; Schimel, D.S.; Yonker, C.M.; Parton, W.1.;
Joyce, L.A; Lauenroth, W.K. Regional modeling of
grassland biogeochemistry using GIS. Landsc. Ecology 4:45-54; 1990.
Burke, I.C.; Yonker, C.M.; Parton, W.1.; Cole, C.V.;
Flach, K.; Schimel, D.S. Texture, climate, and cultivation effects on soil organic matter content in U.S.
grassland soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 53:800-805;
1989.
Cale, W.G.; O'Neill, R.V.; Shugart, H.H. Development
and application of desirable ecological models. Ecol.
Model. 18:171-186; 1983.
Cole, J.J.; Peierls, B.L.; Caraco, N.F.; Pace, M.L. Nitrogen loading of rivers as a human-driven process. In:
McDonnell, M.1.; Pickett, S.T.A, eds. Humans as
Components of Ecosystems. New York: SpringerVerlag; 1993:163-174.
Coleman, M.B.; Bearly, T.L.; Burke, I.C.; Lauenroth,
W.K. linking ecological simulation models to geographic information systems: an automated solution.
In: Michener, W.; Brunt, 1, eds. Environmental Information Management and Analysis: Ecosystem to
Global Scales. London: E. Taylor and Francis;
1994:397-412.
Coppinger, K.D.; Reiners, W.A; Burke, I.C.; Olson, R.K.
Net erosion on a sagebrush steppe landscape as determined by cesium-137 distribution. Soil Sci. Soc. Am.
J. 55:254-258; 1991.
Costanza, R.; Sklar, F.H.; White, M.L. Modeling coastal
landscape dynamics. BioScience 40:91-107; 1990.
Dockuchaiev, V.V. Russian chernozem. In: Collected
writings. 3. Jerusalem (1967): Israel Progress in Science Transactions; 1883.
Favis-Mortlock, D.T.; Quinton, J.N.; Dickinson, W.T.
The GCTE validation of soil erosion models for global
change studies. J. Soil Water. Conserv. 51:396-401;
1996.
Finley, J.B.; Drever, J.I.; Turk, J.T. Sulfur isotope dynamics in a high-elevation catchment, West Glacier Lake,
Wyoming. Water Air Soil Pollut. 79:227-241; 1995.
Fry, B. Stable isotope diagrams of freshwater food webs.
Ecology 72:2293-2297; 1991.
Giblin, AE.; Nadelhoffer, K.1.; Shaver, G.R.; Laundre,
J.A; McKerrow, A.1. Biogeochemical diversity along
a riverside toposequence in arctic Alaska. Ecol.
Monogr. 61:415-435; 1991.
Gorham, E.; Vitousek, P.; Reiners, W.A The regulation
of chemical budgets over the course of terrestrial ecosystem succession. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 10:53-584;
1979.
Groffman, P.; Hanson, G.C. Wetland denitrification: Influence of site quality and relationships with wetland
delineation protocols. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. 1 61:323329; 1997.
Groffman, P.M. Ecology of nitrification and denitrification in soil evaluated at scales relevant to atmospheric
chemistry. In: Rogers, lE.; Whitman, W.B., eds. Microbial Production and Consumption of Greenhouse
Gases: Methane, Nitrous Oxides, and Halomethanes.
Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
1991:201-217.
Groffman, P.M.; Tiedje, J.M. Denitrification in north
temperate forest soils: Spatial and temporal patterns at
the landscape and seasonal scales. Soil BioI. Biochem.
21:613--620; 1989.
Groffinan, P.M.; Tiedje, J.M.; Mokma, D.L.; Simkins S.
Regional scale analysis of denitrification in north temperate forest soils. Landsc. Ecol. 7:45-53; 1992.
Groffman, P.M.; Tiedje, J.M.; Robertson, G.P.; Christensen, S. Denitrification at different temporal and geographical scales: Proximal and distal controls. In: Wilson, J.R., ed. Advances in Nitrogen Cycling in
Agricultural Ecosystems. Wallingford, UK: CAB International; 1988.
Groffman, P.M.; Turner, C.L. Plant productivity and nitrogen gas fluxes in a tallgrass prairie landscape.
Landsc. Ecol. 10:255-266; 1995.
Groffinan, P.M., Wagenet, R.J. Advances and pitfalls in
expressing land qualities at different scales. Proceedings of the 15th World Congress of Soil Science. Acapulco, Mexico; 1994:662--681.
Groffman, P.M.; Zak, D.R.; Christensen, S.; Mosier, A;
Tiedje, J.M. Early spring nitrogen dynamics in a temperate forest landscape. Ecology 74: 1579-1585; 1993.
Halvorson, J.1.; Bolton, H.; Smith, lL.; Rossi, R.E.
1994. Geostatistical analysis of resource islands under
Artemisia tridentata in the shrub-steppe. Great Basin
Naturalist 54:313-328.
Hanson, G.C.; Groffman, P.M.; Gold, A.1. Symptoms of
nitrogen saturation in a riparian wetland. Ecol. Applic.
4:750-756; 1994.
Hi, H.; Reynolds, IF. Modeling effects of spatial pattern,
drought, and grazing on rates of rangeland degradation: A combined markov and cellular automaton approach. In: Quattrochi, D.A; Goodchild, M.F., eds.
Scale in Remote Sensing and GIS. Boca Raton, FL:
CRC; 1997:211-230.
Howarth, R.W.; Billen, G.; Swaney, D.; Townsend, A;
Jaworski, N.; Lajtha, K.; Downing, J.A.; Elmgren, R.;
Caraco, N.; Jordan, T. et al. Regional nitrogen budgets
and riverine N and P fluxes for the drainages to the
North Atlantic ocean: Natural and human influences.
Biogeochemistry 35:75-139; 1996.