232
Davidson, E.A; Hart, S.C.; Firestone, M.K. Internal cycling of nitrate in soils of a mature coniferous forest.
Ecology 73:1148-1156; 1992.
Davidson, E.A; Hart, S.c.; Shanks, C.A; Firestone,
M.K. Measuring gross nitrogen mineralization, immobilization, and nitrification by 15N isotopic pool dilution in intact soil cores. J. Soil Sci. 42:335-349;
1991.
Davidson, E.A; Stark, J.M.; Firestone, M.K. Microbial
production and consumption of nitrate in an annual
grassland. Ecology 71:1968-1975; 1990.
Di Stefano, J; Gholz, H. A proposed use of ion exchange
resin to measure nitrogen mineralization and nitrification in intact soil cores. Comm. Soil Sci. Plant Anal.
17:989-998; 1986.
Echevarria, G.; Morel, lL.; Fardeau, lC.; LeclercCessac, E. Assessment of phytoavailability of nickel
in soils. J. Environ. Qual. 27:1064-1070; 1998.
Eno, C.F. Nitrate production in the field by incubating
the soil in polyethylene bags. Soil Sci. Soc. Proc.
24:277-279; 1960.
Frossard, E.; Sinaj, S. The isotope exchange kinetic technique: A method to describe the availability of inorganic nutrients. Applications to K, P, S and Zn. Isotop
Environ. Health Stud. 33:61-77; 1997.
Genetet, I.; Martin, F.; Stewart, G.R. Nitrogen assimilation in mycorrhizas: Ammonium assimilation in the
N-starved ectomycorrhizal fungus Cenococcum graniforme. Plant Physiol. 76:395-399; 1984.
Gibson, DJ. Spatial and temporal heterogeneity in soil
nutrient supply measured using in situ ion-exchange
resin bags. Plant Soil 96:445-450; 1986.
Glibert, P.M.; Lipschultz, F.; McCarthy, J.J.; Altabet,
M.A Isotope dilution models of uptake and remineralization of ammonium by marine plankton. Limnol.
Oceanogr. 27:639-650; 1982.
Gordon, A; Tallas, M.; Van Cleve, K Soil incubations
in polyethylene bags: Effect of bag thickness and temperature on nitrogen transformations and CO2 permeability. Can. J. Soil Sci. 67:65-75; 1987.
Handley, L.L.; Raven, J.A The use of natural abundance
of nitrogen isotopes in plant physiology and ecology.
Plant Cell Environ. 15:965-985; 1992.
Hart, S.C.; Firestone, M.K Evaluation of three in situ
soil nitrogen availability assays. Can. 1 For. Res.
19:185-191; 1989.
Hart, S.c.; Nason, G.E.; Myrold, D.D.; Perry, D.A. Dynamics of gross nitrogen transformations in an oldgrowth forest: The carbon connection. Ecology
75:880-891; 1994a.
Hart, S.c.; Stark, J.M.; Davidson, E.A; Firestone, M.K
Nitrogen mineralization, immobilization, and nitrification. In: Weaver, R.W.; Angle, S.; Bottomley, P.;
Bezdicek, D.; Smith, S.; Tabatabai, A; Wollum, A,
John M. Stark
eds. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2. Microbiological
and Biochemical Properties. Madison, WI: Soil Science Society of America; 985-1018; 1994b.
He, Z.L.; Zhu, J. Transformation kinetics and potential
availability of specifically-sorbed phosphate in soils.
Nutr. cycl. agroecosyst. 51:209-215; 1998.
Herman, DJ.; Rundel, P.w. Nitrogen isotope fractionation in burned and unburned chaparral soils. Soil Sci.
Soc. Am. 1 53:1229-1236; 1989.
Kirkham, D.; Bartholomew, w.v. Equations for following nutrient transformations in soils, utilizing tracer
data. Soil Sci. Soc. Proc. 18:33-34; 1954.
Klubek, B.; Skujins, 1. Gaseous nitrogen losses from 15N_
ammonium and plant material amended great basin
desert surface soils. Geomicrobiol. 1 2:225-236;
1981.
Knowles, R.; Blackburn, T.H. Nitrogen isotope techniques. San Diego: Academic; 1993.
Kuo, S. Phosphorus. In: Sparks, D.L.; Page, AL.;
Helmke, P.A; Loeppert, R.H.; Soltanpour, P.N.; Tabatabai, M.A; Johnston, c.T.; Sumner, M.E., eds.
Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3. Chemical Methods.
Madison, WI: Soil Science Society of America;
3:869-919; 1996.
Ladha, J.K; Peoples, M.B.; Garrity, D.P.; Capuno, V.T.;
Dart, P.J. Estimating dinitrogen fixation of hedgerow
vegetation using the nitrogen-15 natural abundance
method. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. 1 57:732-737; 1993.
Lajtha, K; Michener, R., eds. Stable Isotopes in Ecology.
Oxford: Blackwell; 1994.
Low, AP.; Stark, lM.; Dudley, L.M. Effects of soil osmotic potential on nitrification, ammonification, Nassimilation, and nitrous oxide production. Soil Sci.
162:16-27; 1997.
Lynch, J.M.; Whipps, lM. Substrate flow in the rhizosphere. Plant Soil 129:1-10; 1990.
Mary, B.; Recous, S.; Robin, D. A model for calculating
nitrogen fluxes in soil using 15N tracing. Soil BioI.
Biochem. 30:1963-1979; 1998.
Milchunas, D.G.; Lauenroth, W.K Carbon dynamics and
estimates of primary production by harvest, 14C dilution, and 14C turnover. Ecology 73:593-607; 1992.
Mosier, AR.; Klemedtsson, L. Measuring denitrification
in the field. In: Weaver, R.w.; Angle, S.; Bottomley,
P.; Bezdicek, D.; Smith, S.; Tabatabai, A; Wollum,
A, eds. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2. Microbiological and Biochemical Properties. Madison, WI:
Soil Science Society of America; 1047-1066; 1994.
Myrold, D.D.; Tiedje, lM. Simultaneous estimation of
several nitrogen cycle rates using 15N: theory and application. Soil BioI. Biochem. 18:559-568; 1986.
Nadelhoffer, KJ.; Aber, lD.; Melillo, lM. Seasonal patterns of ammonium and nitrate uptake in nine temperate forest ecosystems. Plant Soil 80:321-335;
1984.
Davidson, E.A; Hart, S.C.; Firestone, M.K. Internal cycling of nitrate in soils of a mature coniferous forest.
Ecology 73:1148-1156; 1992.
Davidson, E.A; Hart, S.c.; Shanks, C.A; Firestone,
M.K. Measuring gross nitrogen mineralization, immobilization, and nitrification by 15N isotopic pool dilution in intact soil cores. J. Soil Sci. 42:335-349;
1991.
Davidson, E.A; Stark, J.M.; Firestone, M.K. Microbial
production and consumption of nitrate in an annual
grassland. Ecology 71:1968-1975; 1990.
Di Stefano, J; Gholz, H. A proposed use of ion exchange
resin to measure nitrogen mineralization and nitrification in intact soil cores. Comm. Soil Sci. Plant Anal.
17:989-998; 1986.
Echevarria, G.; Morel, lL.; Fardeau, lC.; LeclercCessac, E. Assessment of phytoavailability of nickel
in soils. J. Environ. Qual. 27:1064-1070; 1998.
Eno, C.F. Nitrate production in the field by incubating
the soil in polyethylene bags. Soil Sci. Soc. Proc.
24:277-279; 1960.
Frossard, E.; Sinaj, S. The isotope exchange kinetic technique: A method to describe the availability of inorganic nutrients. Applications to K, P, S and Zn. Isotop
Environ. Health Stud. 33:61-77; 1997.
Genetet, I.; Martin, F.; Stewart, G.R. Nitrogen assimilation in mycorrhizas: Ammonium assimilation in the
N-starved ectomycorrhizal fungus Cenococcum graniforme. Plant Physiol. 76:395-399; 1984.
Gibson, DJ. Spatial and temporal heterogeneity in soil
nutrient supply measured using in situ ion-exchange
resin bags. Plant Soil 96:445-450; 1986.
Glibert, P.M.; Lipschultz, F.; McCarthy, J.J.; Altabet,
M.A Isotope dilution models of uptake and remineralization of ammonium by marine plankton. Limnol.
Oceanogr. 27:639-650; 1982.
Gordon, A; Tallas, M.; Van Cleve, K Soil incubations
in polyethylene bags: Effect of bag thickness and temperature on nitrogen transformations and CO2 permeability. Can. J. Soil Sci. 67:65-75; 1987.
Handley, L.L.; Raven, J.A The use of natural abundance
of nitrogen isotopes in plant physiology and ecology.
Plant Cell Environ. 15:965-985; 1992.
Hart, S.C.; Firestone, M.K Evaluation of three in situ
soil nitrogen availability assays. Can. 1 For. Res.
19:185-191; 1989.
Hart, S.c.; Nason, G.E.; Myrold, D.D.; Perry, D.A. Dynamics of gross nitrogen transformations in an oldgrowth forest: The carbon connection. Ecology
75:880-891; 1994a.
Hart, S.c.; Stark, J.M.; Davidson, E.A; Firestone, M.K
Nitrogen mineralization, immobilization, and nitrification. In: Weaver, R.W.; Angle, S.; Bottomley, P.;
Bezdicek, D.; Smith, S.; Tabatabai, A; Wollum, A,
John M. Stark
eds. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2. Microbiological
and Biochemical Properties. Madison, WI: Soil Science Society of America; 985-1018; 1994b.
He, Z.L.; Zhu, J. Transformation kinetics and potential
availability of specifically-sorbed phosphate in soils.
Nutr. cycl. agroecosyst. 51:209-215; 1998.
Herman, DJ.; Rundel, P.w. Nitrogen isotope fractionation in burned and unburned chaparral soils. Soil Sci.
Soc. Am. 1 53:1229-1236; 1989.
Kirkham, D.; Bartholomew, w.v. Equations for following nutrient transformations in soils, utilizing tracer
data. Soil Sci. Soc. Proc. 18:33-34; 1954.
Klubek, B.; Skujins, 1. Gaseous nitrogen losses from 15N_
ammonium and plant material amended great basin
desert surface soils. Geomicrobiol. 1 2:225-236;
1981.
Knowles, R.; Blackburn, T.H. Nitrogen isotope techniques. San Diego: Academic; 1993.
Kuo, S. Phosphorus. In: Sparks, D.L.; Page, AL.;
Helmke, P.A; Loeppert, R.H.; Soltanpour, P.N.; Tabatabai, M.A; Johnston, c.T.; Sumner, M.E., eds.
Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3. Chemical Methods.
Madison, WI: Soil Science Society of America;
3:869-919; 1996.
Ladha, J.K; Peoples, M.B.; Garrity, D.P.; Capuno, V.T.;
Dart, P.J. Estimating dinitrogen fixation of hedgerow
vegetation using the nitrogen-15 natural abundance
method. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. 1 57:732-737; 1993.
Lajtha, K; Michener, R., eds. Stable Isotopes in Ecology.
Oxford: Blackwell; 1994.
Low, AP.; Stark, lM.; Dudley, L.M. Effects of soil osmotic potential on nitrification, ammonification, Nassimilation, and nitrous oxide production. Soil Sci.
162:16-27; 1997.
Lynch, J.M.; Whipps, lM. Substrate flow in the rhizosphere. Plant Soil 129:1-10; 1990.
Mary, B.; Recous, S.; Robin, D. A model for calculating
nitrogen fluxes in soil using 15N tracing. Soil BioI.
Biochem. 30:1963-1979; 1998.
Milchunas, D.G.; Lauenroth, W.K Carbon dynamics and
estimates of primary production by harvest, 14C dilution, and 14C turnover. Ecology 73:593-607; 1992.
Mosier, AR.; Klemedtsson, L. Measuring denitrification
in the field. In: Weaver, R.w.; Angle, S.; Bottomley,
P.; Bezdicek, D.; Smith, S.; Tabatabai, A; Wollum,
A, eds. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2. Microbiological and Biochemical Properties. Madison, WI:
Soil Science Society of America; 1047-1066; 1994.
Myrold, D.D.; Tiedje, lM. Simultaneous estimation of
several nitrogen cycle rates using 15N: theory and application. Soil BioI. Biochem. 18:559-568; 1986.
Nadelhoffer, KJ.; Aber, lD.; Melillo, lM. Seasonal patterns of ammonium and nitrate uptake in nine temperate forest ecosystems. Plant Soil 80:321-335;
1984.