6. Benthic Respiration in Aquatic Sediments
freshwater tidal Potomac River. App1. Environ. Microbiol. 52:751-757; 1986.
Lovley, D.R.; Phillips, E.J.P. Novel processes for anaerobic sulfate production from elemental sulfur by
sulfate-reducing bacteria. App1. Environ. Microbio1.
60:2394-2399; 1994.
Luther, G.W., ill; Ferdelman, T.G.; Kostka, J.E.; Tsamakis, E.J.; Church, T.M. Temporal and spatial variability of reduced sulfur species (FeS2, S20~-) and
porewater in salt marsh sediments. Biogeochemistry
14:57-88; 1991.
Mackin, J.E.; Swider, K.T. Organic matter decomposition
pathways and oxygen consumption in coastal marine
sediments. J. Mar. Res. 47:681-716; 1989.
Martens, C.S.; Klump, J.V. Biogeochemical cycling
in an organic-rich coastal marine basin. I. Methane
sediment-water exchange processes. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 44:471-490; 1980.
Martens, C.S.; Klump, J.V. Biogeochemical cycling in
an organic-rich coastal marine basin. 4. Carbon budget
for sediments dominated by sulfate reduction and
methanogenesis. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
48:1987-2004; 1984.
Middelburg, J.J.; Soetaert, K.; Herman, P.M.J. Evaluation of the nitrogen isotope pairing method for measuring denitrification: a simulation analysis. Limno1.
Oceanogr. 41:1839-1844; 1996a.
Middelburg, J.J.; Soetaert, K.; Herman, P.M.J.; Heip,
C.H.R. Denitrification in marine sediments: A model
study. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 10:661-673;
1996b.
Miller-Way, T.; Twilley, R.R. Theory and operation of
continuous flow systems for the study of benthicpelagic coupling. Mar. Eco1. Prog. Ser. 140:257-269;
1996.
Moeslund, L.; Thamdrup, B.; Jjllrgensen, B.B. Sulfur and
iron cycling in a coastal sediment: Radiotracer studies
and seasonal dynamics. Biogeochemistry 27: 129-152;
1994.
Nielsen, L.P. Denitrification in sediment determined from
nitrogen isotope pairing. FEMS Microbio1. Eco1.
86:357-362; 1992.
Nielsen, L.P.; Glud, R.N. Denitrification in a coastal sediment measured in situ by the nitrogen isotope pairing
technique applied to a benthic flux chamber. Mar.
Eco1. Prog. Ser. 137:181-186; 1996.
Nielsen, L.P.; Risgaard-Petersen, N.; Rysgaard, S.;
Blackburn, T.H. Reply to the note by Middelburg et
al. Limno1. Oceanogr. 41:1845-1846; 1996.
Nishio, T.; Koike, I.; Hattori, A. Denitrification, nitrate
reduction, and oxygen consumption in coastal and estuarine sediments. App1. Environ. Microbiol. 43:648653; 1982.
Nishio, T.; Koike, I.; Hattori, A. Estimates of denitrification and nitrification in coastal and estuarine sediments. App1. Environ. Microbio1. 45:1983; 1983.
101
Nowicki, B.L. The effect of temperature, oxygen, salinity, and nutrient enrichment on estuarine denitrification rates measured with a modified nitrogen gas flux
technique. Estuarine Coastal Shelf Sci. 38:137-156;
1994.
Pamatmat, M.M. Benthic community metabolism: a review and assessment of present status and outlook. In:
Coull, B.C., ed. Ecology of Marine Benthos. Columbia, SC: Univ. South Carolina Pr.; 1977: p. 89-111.
Pamatmat, M.M. Heat production by sediment: Ecological significance. Science 215:395-397; 1982.
Pamatmat, M.M.; Graf, G.; Bengtsson, W.; Noval, C.S.
Heat production, ATP concentration and electron
transport activity of marine sediments. Mar. Eco1.
Prog. Ser. 4:135-143; 1981.
Parkes, R.I.; Cragg, B.A.; Bale, S.J.; Goodman, K.; Fry,
C. A combined ecological and physiological approach
to studying sulphate reduction within deep marine sediment layers. J. Microbio1. Methods 23:235-249;
1995.
Parkes, R.J.; Gibson, G.R.; Mueller-Harvey, I.; Buckingham, W.J.; Herbert, R.A. Determination of the substrates for sulphate-reducing bacteria within marine
and estuarine sediments with different rates of sulphate reduction. J. Gen. Microbio1. 135:175-187;
1989.
Petersen, S.O. Intluence of liquid cattle manure on reduction processes in soil. BioI. Fertility Soils 15:137143; 1993.
Phillips, E.J.P.; Lovley, D.R. Determination of Fe(ill)
and Fe(II) in oxalate extracts of sediments. Soil Sci.
Soc. Am. J. 51:938-941; 1987.
Postma, D. Concentrations of Mn and separation from
Fe in sediments. 1. Kinetics and stoichiometry of the
reaction between birnessite and dissolved Fe(II) at
10°C. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 49:1023-1033;
1985.
Pyzik, A.J.; Sommer, S.E. Sedimentary iron monosulfides: Kinetics and mechanism of formation. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 45:687-698; 1981.
Rasmussen, H.; Jjllrgensen, B.B. Microelectrode studies
of seasonal oxygen uptake in a coastal sediment: role
of molecular diffusion. Mar. Eco1. Prog. Ser. 81:289303; 1992.
Reeburgh, W.S. Methane consumption in Cariaco trench
waters and sediments. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 28:337344; 1976.
Reeburgh, W.S. Anaerobic methane oxidation: Rate
depth distributions in Skan Bay sediments. Earth
Planet. Sci. Lett. 47:345-352; 1980.
Reeburgh, W.S. Rates of biogeochemical processes in anoxic sediments. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 11:269298; 1983.
Reimers, C.E.; Fischer, K.M.; Merewether, R.; Smith,
K.L., Jr.; Jahnke, R.A. Oxygen microprofiles mea-
freshwater tidal Potomac River. App1. Environ. Microbiol. 52:751-757; 1986.
Lovley, D.R.; Phillips, E.J.P. Novel processes for anaerobic sulfate production from elemental sulfur by
sulfate-reducing bacteria. App1. Environ. Microbio1.
60:2394-2399; 1994.
Luther, G.W., ill; Ferdelman, T.G.; Kostka, J.E.; Tsamakis, E.J.; Church, T.M. Temporal and spatial variability of reduced sulfur species (FeS2, S20~-) and
porewater in salt marsh sediments. Biogeochemistry
14:57-88; 1991.
Mackin, J.E.; Swider, K.T. Organic matter decomposition
pathways and oxygen consumption in coastal marine
sediments. J. Mar. Res. 47:681-716; 1989.
Martens, C.S.; Klump, J.V. Biogeochemical cycling
in an organic-rich coastal marine basin. I. Methane
sediment-water exchange processes. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 44:471-490; 1980.
Martens, C.S.; Klump, J.V. Biogeochemical cycling in
an organic-rich coastal marine basin. 4. Carbon budget
for sediments dominated by sulfate reduction and
methanogenesis. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
48:1987-2004; 1984.
Middelburg, J.J.; Soetaert, K.; Herman, P.M.J. Evaluation of the nitrogen isotope pairing method for measuring denitrification: a simulation analysis. Limno1.
Oceanogr. 41:1839-1844; 1996a.
Middelburg, J.J.; Soetaert, K.; Herman, P.M.J.; Heip,
C.H.R. Denitrification in marine sediments: A model
study. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 10:661-673;
1996b.
Miller-Way, T.; Twilley, R.R. Theory and operation of
continuous flow systems for the study of benthicpelagic coupling. Mar. Eco1. Prog. Ser. 140:257-269;
1996.
Moeslund, L.; Thamdrup, B.; Jjllrgensen, B.B. Sulfur and
iron cycling in a coastal sediment: Radiotracer studies
and seasonal dynamics. Biogeochemistry 27: 129-152;
1994.
Nielsen, L.P. Denitrification in sediment determined from
nitrogen isotope pairing. FEMS Microbio1. Eco1.
86:357-362; 1992.
Nielsen, L.P.; Glud, R.N. Denitrification in a coastal sediment measured in situ by the nitrogen isotope pairing
technique applied to a benthic flux chamber. Mar.
Eco1. Prog. Ser. 137:181-186; 1996.
Nielsen, L.P.; Risgaard-Petersen, N.; Rysgaard, S.;
Blackburn, T.H. Reply to the note by Middelburg et
al. Limno1. Oceanogr. 41:1845-1846; 1996.
Nishio, T.; Koike, I.; Hattori, A. Denitrification, nitrate
reduction, and oxygen consumption in coastal and estuarine sediments. App1. Environ. Microbiol. 43:648653; 1982.
Nishio, T.; Koike, I.; Hattori, A. Estimates of denitrification and nitrification in coastal and estuarine sediments. App1. Environ. Microbio1. 45:1983; 1983.
101
Nowicki, B.L. The effect of temperature, oxygen, salinity, and nutrient enrichment on estuarine denitrification rates measured with a modified nitrogen gas flux
technique. Estuarine Coastal Shelf Sci. 38:137-156;
1994.
Pamatmat, M.M. Benthic community metabolism: a review and assessment of present status and outlook. In:
Coull, B.C., ed. Ecology of Marine Benthos. Columbia, SC: Univ. South Carolina Pr.; 1977: p. 89-111.
Pamatmat, M.M. Heat production by sediment: Ecological significance. Science 215:395-397; 1982.
Pamatmat, M.M.; Graf, G.; Bengtsson, W.; Noval, C.S.
Heat production, ATP concentration and electron
transport activity of marine sediments. Mar. Eco1.
Prog. Ser. 4:135-143; 1981.
Parkes, R.I.; Cragg, B.A.; Bale, S.J.; Goodman, K.; Fry,
C. A combined ecological and physiological approach
to studying sulphate reduction within deep marine sediment layers. J. Microbio1. Methods 23:235-249;
1995.
Parkes, R.J.; Gibson, G.R.; Mueller-Harvey, I.; Buckingham, W.J.; Herbert, R.A. Determination of the substrates for sulphate-reducing bacteria within marine
and estuarine sediments with different rates of sulphate reduction. J. Gen. Microbio1. 135:175-187;
1989.
Petersen, S.O. Intluence of liquid cattle manure on reduction processes in soil. BioI. Fertility Soils 15:137143; 1993.
Phillips, E.J.P.; Lovley, D.R. Determination of Fe(ill)
and Fe(II) in oxalate extracts of sediments. Soil Sci.
Soc. Am. J. 51:938-941; 1987.
Postma, D. Concentrations of Mn and separation from
Fe in sediments. 1. Kinetics and stoichiometry of the
reaction between birnessite and dissolved Fe(II) at
10°C. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 49:1023-1033;
1985.
Pyzik, A.J.; Sommer, S.E. Sedimentary iron monosulfides: Kinetics and mechanism of formation. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 45:687-698; 1981.
Rasmussen, H.; Jjllrgensen, B.B. Microelectrode studies
of seasonal oxygen uptake in a coastal sediment: role
of molecular diffusion. Mar. Eco1. Prog. Ser. 81:289303; 1992.
Reeburgh, W.S. Methane consumption in Cariaco trench
waters and sediments. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 28:337344; 1976.
Reeburgh, W.S. Anaerobic methane oxidation: Rate
depth distributions in Skan Bay sediments. Earth
Planet. Sci. Lett. 47:345-352; 1980.
Reeburgh, W.S. Rates of biogeochemical processes in anoxic sediments. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 11:269298; 1983.
Reimers, C.E.; Fischer, K.M.; Merewether, R.; Smith,
K.L., Jr.; Jahnke, R.A. Oxygen microprofiles mea-