4
Under the help of French colleagues, the oyster growers of Sanriku
could restart the most important works, such as spat collection in the summer season, before the end of July to August in the same year as the disaster. In Miyagi Prefecture, about 75 % of oyster growers have restarted the
oyster farming in the same region.
1
A Short History
of Cooperations Between
the Two “Sociétés
Franco- Japonaises
D’Océanographie”
of France and Japan
Scientifi cal and technological relationships in the
fi eld of marine sciences between France and Japan
have been facilitated by dialogues and exchanges
established between the Société franco-japonaise
d’Océanographie of Japan (founded in 1960 and
gathering around 250 members) and the Société
franco-japonaise d’Océanographie of France
(founded in 1984 and gathering around 70 persons
as well as public and private organizations).
These two societies are mainly associations of
researchers and other specialists in marine fi elds
who have expressed their wish to promote effi -
cient and pleasant relationships between Japanese
and French individuals as well as organizations
having similar fi elds of activities.
For several decades, the exchanges between
the members of the two societies have been very
fruitful and very friendly. The exchanges reached
a maximum during common meetings (colloques,
symposiums) alternatively organized in France
and in Japan, approximately every 2 or 3 years. It
is interesting to summarize them briefl y.
Each of these symposia has been concretized
by special offi cial publications:
First edition in France at Montpellier in 1983
devoted to “Aquaculture.”
Second edition in Japan at Sendai in 1984 devoted
to “Aquaculture” and a program of visit of fi sh
and mollusk hatcheries.
Third edition in France at Marseille in 1985 with
a special topic on “Coastal management and littoral planning,” organized with the support of
numerous public and private organizations:
Physical oceanography and sediment dynamics, colored waters (red tides), teledetection, communications, microbiology of coastal waters, biological
characteristics of coastal waters, artifi cial reefs,
resources exploitation, and aquaculture.
Fourth edition in Japan at Shimizu in 1988 on the
thema “General oceanography” presentation
of communications, visits to aquaculture
centers, centers of research, and universities.
Fifth edition in Japan at Hiroshima and Higashino
in 1989, a series of six French-Japanese
colloques, with a general topic: “Founding an
algal park in Seto-nai-kai.”
Sixth edition in Japan at Tokyo in 1990 on “Coastline
and confl icts,” held in the Maison franco-japonaise in Tokyo. Visits in Tokyo University of
Marine Science and Technology (TUMSAT)
and representatives of several hatcheries.
Seventh edition in Japan at Tokyo in 1990 on the
“Determinism of Biological Recruitment at
sea.” Visits of TUMSAT and several hatcheries.
Eighth edition in France at Ifremer Nantes in 1991.
Three French-Japanese symposiums were organized: “Determining factors of growth in aquaculture,” “Economy and management of
fi sheries,” and “Co-development of fi sheries
and recreational activities in coastal zones.”
Ninth edition in Japan at Tokyo in 1991 on
“Oceanic fl uxes.”
Tenth edition in Japan at Tokyo in 1992 with two
symposiums: “Biotechnology and Environment”
and “Determinism of Biological Recruitment at
sea,” held in “Maison franco- japonaise de
Tokyo” (Nichi-Futsu Kaikan).
Eleventh edition in France at Paris in 1997 with
the special topic: “Coastal zone observation
and forecast in the medium and long terms”;
meetings held in “Institut océanographique de
Paris.” Visit of the forum “SEAMER” at Paris and
then a trip in Brittany to visit several hatcheries.
Y. Koike
Under the help of French colleagues, the oyster growers of Sanriku
could restart the most important works, such as spat collection in the summer season, before the end of July to August in the same year as the disaster. In Miyagi Prefecture, about 75 % of oyster growers have restarted the
oyster farming in the same region.
1
A Short History
of Cooperations Between
the Two “Sociétés
Franco- Japonaises
D’Océanographie”
of France and Japan
Scientifi cal and technological relationships in the
fi eld of marine sciences between France and Japan
have been facilitated by dialogues and exchanges
established between the Société franco-japonaise
d’Océanographie of Japan (founded in 1960 and
gathering around 250 members) and the Société
franco-japonaise d’Océanographie of France
(founded in 1984 and gathering around 70 persons
as well as public and private organizations).
These two societies are mainly associations of
researchers and other specialists in marine fi elds
who have expressed their wish to promote effi -
cient and pleasant relationships between Japanese
and French individuals as well as organizations
having similar fi elds of activities.
For several decades, the exchanges between
the members of the two societies have been very
fruitful and very friendly. The exchanges reached
a maximum during common meetings (colloques,
symposiums) alternatively organized in France
and in Japan, approximately every 2 or 3 years. It
is interesting to summarize them briefl y.
Each of these symposia has been concretized
by special offi cial publications:
First edition in France at Montpellier in 1983
devoted to “Aquaculture.”
Second edition in Japan at Sendai in 1984 devoted
to “Aquaculture” and a program of visit of fi sh
and mollusk hatcheries.
Third edition in France at Marseille in 1985 with
a special topic on “Coastal management and littoral planning,” organized with the support of
numerous public and private organizations:
Physical oceanography and sediment dynamics, colored waters (red tides), teledetection, communications, microbiology of coastal waters, biological
characteristics of coastal waters, artifi cial reefs,
resources exploitation, and aquaculture.
Fourth edition in Japan at Shimizu in 1988 on the
thema “General oceanography” presentation
of communications, visits to aquaculture
centers, centers of research, and universities.
Fifth edition in Japan at Hiroshima and Higashino
in 1989, a series of six French-Japanese
colloques, with a general topic: “Founding an
algal park in Seto-nai-kai.”
Sixth edition in Japan at Tokyo in 1990 on “Coastline
and confl icts,” held in the Maison franco-japonaise in Tokyo. Visits in Tokyo University of
Marine Science and Technology (TUMSAT)
and representatives of several hatcheries.
Seventh edition in Japan at Tokyo in 1990 on the
“Determinism of Biological Recruitment at
sea.” Visits of TUMSAT and several hatcheries.
Eighth edition in France at Ifremer Nantes in 1991.
Three French-Japanese symposiums were organized: “Determining factors of growth in aquaculture,” “Economy and management of
fi sheries,” and “Co-development of fi sheries
and recreational activities in coastal zones.”
Ninth edition in Japan at Tokyo in 1991 on
“Oceanic fl uxes.”
Tenth edition in Japan at Tokyo in 1992 with two
symposiums: “Biotechnology and Environment”
and “Determinism of Biological Recruitment at
sea,” held in “Maison franco- japonaise de
Tokyo” (Nichi-Futsu Kaikan).
Eleventh edition in France at Paris in 1997 with
the special topic: “Coastal zone observation
and forecast in the medium and long terms”;
meetings held in “Institut océanographique de
Paris.” Visit of the forum “SEAMER” at Paris and
then a trip in Brittany to visit several hatcheries.
Y. Koike