Contents
1 Introduction ...........................................................................
1
1.1 Problems.................................................................................
1
1.2 Definitions of Genetic Resources .............................................
4
1.3 Research Questions and Approach ...........................................
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1.3.1 Research Questions.......................................................
7
1.3.2 Approach and Data Sources...........................................
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1.4 Study Overview.......................................................................
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2 Genetic Resources: Status, Development, Losses, and
Conservation Management............... .................. ..................
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2.1 State and Development of the World's Genetic Diversity Centers 11
2.1.1 Centers for Plant Genetic Diversity................................
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2.1.2 Centers of Agrobiodiversity...........................................
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2.1.3 The Interdependence of Countries on PGRF A ...............
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2.2 Extent and Determinants of Genetic Extinction........................
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2.2.1 Review and Critical Analysis of the Methodologies of
Recording of Losses ........................................... , . . . . . . . . . .
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2.2.2 Determinants for the Loss ofPGRFA ............................
24
2.3 Similarities and Differences Between Biodiversity and
Agrobiodiversity......................................................................
29
2.4 Methods for Conservation ofPGRFA.......................................
33
2.4.1 Ex Situ Conservation Management................................
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2.4.2 In Situ Conservation.....................................................
38
2.4.3 Combination of ex Situ and in Situ Methods ..................
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3 Economic Framework of Conservation................................
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3.1 Conceptual Overview...............................................................
45
3.2 Economic Valuation of Environmental Goods at a National Level 46
3.2.1 General Concept of Assessing Environmental Goods.....
47
3.2.2 Method for Economic Valuation ofPGRFA Conservation 50