130
5 Conservation Costs of PGRFA
countries or national and international agencies, and the expenditure estimation on
international level, eliminates the risk of double-counting.
Bearing the limitations of this approach in mind, the rough overall estimate of
the expenditures in PGRF A conservation on international level is swnmarized in
Table 5.13 and can be described as follows.
About US $ 83 million were channeled through international organizations to
activities relating to the conservation of PGRF A in 1995. Most of the money was
spent by the above mentioned international funding and executing agencies for the
conservation of PGRF A, mainly as an integrated element of larger development
projects or programs.
Only a minor part of the whole international expenditures, namely
US $ 7 million, has been spent by the technical assistance of mainly F AO as well as
UNDP and UNEP financed projects, which represents 8% of all expenditures.
These expenditure estimates include the CGIAR's expenditures. The CGIAR's
expenditures on PGRF A related activities represent with approximately 60% the
biggest single expenditure share in all of the international expenditures (including
core funds and complementary activities). The expenditures for the CGIAR
genebanks is estimated at US $ 50 million 68 . The rest of the expenditures for
PGRF A conservation, US $ 26 million comes from funds, such as the World Bank
and GEF. Because of the lack of information on the projects and programs of the
World Bank, some other development banks, and IF AD, it was not possible to
include an exact figure derived from the survey in the above totals. Therefore, the
expenditures for two of the main funding organizations were estimated. It was
asswned that 0.5% of the US $ 3 billion of WB' s agricultural expenditures and 2%
of IF AD's 200 million budget were spent for activities related to PGRF A
conservation. GEF's spending is determined by all their projects and programs
which had an impact on the conservation and utilization of PGRF A. These were
tabulated and calculated according the above mentioned method. The same
procedure was utilized to calculate the expenditures of FAO, UNDP, UNEP, and
CfC.
The data must be carefully interpreted, because most agencies do not have a
separate budget for funding PGRF A activities. Because these activities make up
only a small part of overall development projects and programs, it is difficult for
each agency to calculate their expenditures for this task. Consequently, the
estimates calculated on the basis of the received data can only be accepted as a first
rough estimate and are subject to distortions because of the lack of accuracy of the
primary data.
Concluding the analysis of the international expenditures for the conservation of
PGRF A, the aggregated global expenditures can be drawn up by incorporating the
estimated results of the international expenditures and the national expenditures
contributed by countries in Chapter 5.2 (see Fig. 5.7).
According to the estimation, countries contributed US $ 733 million for national
activities related to the conservation of PGRFA in 1995 (see Table 5.11).
Additionally, US $ 189 million were spent for multi- and bilateral international
68 A detailed calculations of the CGIAR' s expenditures is given in Appendix 11.
5 Conservation Costs of PGRFA
countries or national and international agencies, and the expenditure estimation on
international level, eliminates the risk of double-counting.
Bearing the limitations of this approach in mind, the rough overall estimate of
the expenditures in PGRF A conservation on international level is swnmarized in
Table 5.13 and can be described as follows.
About US $ 83 million were channeled through international organizations to
activities relating to the conservation of PGRF A in 1995. Most of the money was
spent by the above mentioned international funding and executing agencies for the
conservation of PGRF A, mainly as an integrated element of larger development
projects or programs.
Only a minor part of the whole international expenditures, namely
US $ 7 million, has been spent by the technical assistance of mainly F AO as well as
UNDP and UNEP financed projects, which represents 8% of all expenditures.
These expenditure estimates include the CGIAR's expenditures. The CGIAR's
expenditures on PGRF A related activities represent with approximately 60% the
biggest single expenditure share in all of the international expenditures (including
core funds and complementary activities). The expenditures for the CGIAR
genebanks is estimated at US $ 50 million 68 . The rest of the expenditures for
PGRF A conservation, US $ 26 million comes from funds, such as the World Bank
and GEF. Because of the lack of information on the projects and programs of the
World Bank, some other development banks, and IF AD, it was not possible to
include an exact figure derived from the survey in the above totals. Therefore, the
expenditures for two of the main funding organizations were estimated. It was
asswned that 0.5% of the US $ 3 billion of WB' s agricultural expenditures and 2%
of IF AD's 200 million budget were spent for activities related to PGRF A
conservation. GEF's spending is determined by all their projects and programs
which had an impact on the conservation and utilization of PGRF A. These were
tabulated and calculated according the above mentioned method. The same
procedure was utilized to calculate the expenditures of FAO, UNDP, UNEP, and
CfC.
The data must be carefully interpreted, because most agencies do not have a
separate budget for funding PGRF A activities. Because these activities make up
only a small part of overall development projects and programs, it is difficult for
each agency to calculate their expenditures for this task. Consequently, the
estimates calculated on the basis of the received data can only be accepted as a first
rough estimate and are subject to distortions because of the lack of accuracy of the
primary data.
Concluding the analysis of the international expenditures for the conservation of
PGRF A, the aggregated global expenditures can be drawn up by incorporating the
estimated results of the international expenditures and the national expenditures
contributed by countries in Chapter 5.2 (see Fig. 5.7).
According to the estimation, countries contributed US $ 733 million for national
activities related to the conservation of PGRFA in 1995 (see Table 5.11).
Additionally, US $ 189 million were spent for multi- and bilateral international
68 A detailed calculations of the CGIAR' s expenditures is given in Appendix 11.