306
Index
Arachidonic acid (AA) (continued)
in food webs/chains, 170-172, I 94f,
196
in marine versus freshwater organisms,
270
Arctic char, 143
Areal bias, 64-66
Areal energy reserves, 72-73
Areal lipid production, 62-67
Arsenic, 221
Artacama proboscidea, 269
Artemia, 162,168, 173-174, 182,263
Artemia franciscana, 182
Artemia sinic'a, 174
Arthrobacter MIS38, 239t
Ascidians, 285
Assimilation efficiency (AE), 219-220
Atherina boyeri, see Sand smelt
Atherosclerosis, 161
Atlantic halibut, 169, 174, 188t
Atlantic Ocean, 277
Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)
contaminants and, 149
early life history of, 143
fatty acids in, 32, 33t, 35, 272, 273t
in food webs/chains, 166, 174, 186193
Atrazine, 148
Autoradiography, 98
Ayu,273t
Awl/a camliniana, 33t
Bacillariophyceae, 24, 27t
Bacillus licheniformis 86, 239t
Bacillus licheniformis JF2, 239t
Bacillus sp, AB-2, 239t
Bacillus stearothermophilus, 34t
Bacteria, 263
cyano-, see Cyanobacteria
fatty acids in, 28t, 29-31, 33t, 34t, 282
gram-negative, 29
gram-positive, 29
sulfur-reducing, 30
at water-surface microlayers, 246-247
Baetis tricaudatus, 78
Baker's yeast, 182-184
Baltic Sea, 267-268
benthic invertebrates in, 112
contaminants in, 224
fatty acids in organisms of, 271, 282,
284
Bass
largemouth, 135-136, 150
smallmouth, 135, 152
striped, 146, 149-150
white, 224
Bay of Fundy, 251-252
Beavers, 31, 33t, 35, 36
Bedford Basin, 270
Benthic invertebrates, 109-126
life cycle of, 113-116, 124-125
research needs, 123-124
in shelf and nearshore zones, 117-123
in slope and profundal zones, 110-1 16
Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), 222
Benzyl alcohol, 214
y-BHC, 215
Bioaccumulation, 205-206, 213
defined, 203
factors affecting prediction of, 209210
food chain transfer and, 215-220
lipid composition and, 210-211
prediction of, 208-209
Bioconcentration, 215
defined, 203
factors affecting prediction of, 209-210
mimicking with semipermeable membrane devices, 211-212
prediction of, 207-208
Bioconcentration factor log (log BCF),
207-208,217
Biomagnification, 216, 220-224
current issues and relationship to lipids,
223-224
defined, 204
lipid-based model for, 221-223
reality of, 220-221
Birds, 224-225
Bivalves
contaminants and, 212
ether lipids in, 286
prostanoids in, 288
in shelf and nearshore zones, 119-123
sterols in, 267
Bligh-Dyer extraction scheme, 210,
264
Blue gill sunfish, 140
Blue-green algae, 23, 33t
Blue ling, 188t
Blue mussels, 123
Body size, 97,135, 139, 144
Bonefish, 269, 274t
Bonito tuna, 287t
Boshkung Lake, Il4f
Botryococcus braunii, 26, 82
Brachionus plicatilis, 161-162, 166, 173174, 180-186, 189-190
Index
Arachidonic acid (AA) (continued)
in food webs/chains, 170-172, I 94f,
196
in marine versus freshwater organisms,
270
Arctic char, 143
Areal bias, 64-66
Areal energy reserves, 72-73
Areal lipid production, 62-67
Arsenic, 221
Artacama proboscidea, 269
Artemia, 162,168, 173-174, 182,263
Artemia franciscana, 182
Artemia sinic'a, 174
Arthrobacter MIS38, 239t
Ascidians, 285
Assimilation efficiency (AE), 219-220
Atherina boyeri, see Sand smelt
Atherosclerosis, 161
Atlantic halibut, 169, 174, 188t
Atlantic Ocean, 277
Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)
contaminants and, 149
early life history of, 143
fatty acids in, 32, 33t, 35, 272, 273t
in food webs/chains, 166, 174, 186193
Atrazine, 148
Autoradiography, 98
Ayu,273t
Awl/a camliniana, 33t
Bacillariophyceae, 24, 27t
Bacillus licheniformis 86, 239t
Bacillus licheniformis JF2, 239t
Bacillus sp, AB-2, 239t
Bacillus stearothermophilus, 34t
Bacteria, 263
cyano-, see Cyanobacteria
fatty acids in, 28t, 29-31, 33t, 34t, 282
gram-negative, 29
gram-positive, 29
sulfur-reducing, 30
at water-surface microlayers, 246-247
Baetis tricaudatus, 78
Baker's yeast, 182-184
Baltic Sea, 267-268
benthic invertebrates in, 112
contaminants in, 224
fatty acids in organisms of, 271, 282,
284
Bass
largemouth, 135-136, 150
smallmouth, 135, 152
striped, 146, 149-150
white, 224
Bay of Fundy, 251-252
Beavers, 31, 33t, 35, 36
Bedford Basin, 270
Benthic invertebrates, 109-126
life cycle of, 113-116, 124-125
research needs, 123-124
in shelf and nearshore zones, 117-123
in slope and profundal zones, 110-1 16
Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), 222
Benzyl alcohol, 214
y-BHC, 215
Bioaccumulation, 205-206, 213
defined, 203
factors affecting prediction of, 209210
food chain transfer and, 215-220
lipid composition and, 210-211
prediction of, 208-209
Bioconcentration, 215
defined, 203
factors affecting prediction of, 209-210
mimicking with semipermeable membrane devices, 211-212
prediction of, 207-208
Bioconcentration factor log (log BCF),
207-208,217
Biomagnification, 216, 220-224
current issues and relationship to lipids,
223-224
defined, 204
lipid-based model for, 221-223
reality of, 220-221
Birds, 224-225
Bivalves
contaminants and, 212
ether lipids in, 286
prostanoids in, 288
in shelf and nearshore zones, 119-123
sterols in, 267
Bligh-Dyer extraction scheme, 210,
264
Blue gill sunfish, 140
Blue-green algae, 23, 33t
Blue ling, 188t
Blue mussels, 123
Body size, 97,135, 139, 144
Bonefish, 269, 274t
Bonito tuna, 287t
Boshkung Lake, Il4f
Botryococcus braunii, 26, 82
Brachionus plicatilis, 161-162, 166, 173174, 180-186, 189-190