143. Letoffe S, Delepelaire P, Wandersman C (1990) Protease secretion by Erwinia
chrysanthemi: the specific secretion functions are analogous to those of Escherichia coli
A-hemolysin. EMBO J 9 :1375–1382
144. Hui FM, Morrison DA (1991) Genetic transformation in Streptococcus pneumoniae:
nucleotide sequence analysis shows comA, a gene required for competence induction, to
be a member of the bacterial ATP-dependent transport protein family. J Bacteriol
173 : 372–381
145. Diep DB, Håvarstein LS, Nes IF (1995) A bacteriocin-like peptide induces bacteriocin
synthesis in Lactobacillus plantarum Cll. Food Microbiol 60 :160–166
146. Håvarstein LS, Diep DB, Nes IF (1995) A family of bacteriocin ABC transporters carry
out proteolytic processing of their substrates concomitant with export. Mol Microbiol
16 : 229–240
147. Axelsson L, Holck A, Birkeland S-T, Aukrust T, Blom H (1993) Cloning and nucleotide
sequence of a gene from Lactobacillus sake Lb706 necessary for sakacin A production
and immunity. Appl Environ Microbiol 59 : 2868–2875
148. Kornblum J, Kreiswirth B, Projan SJ, Ross H, Novick RP (1990) agr: a polycistronic locus
regulating exoprotein synthesis in Staphylococcus aureus. In: Novick RP (ed) Molecular
Biology of the Staphylococci. VCH Publishers, New York, pp 373–402
149. Morfeldt CI, Janzon L, Arvidson S, Löfdahl S (1988) Cloning of a chromosomal locus
(exp) which regulates the expression of several exoprotein genes in Staphylococcus
aureus. Mol Gen Genet. 211:1601–1607
150. Peng H, Novick RP, Kreitswirth B, Kornblum J, Schlievert P (1988) Cloning, characterization and sequencing of an accessory gene regulator (agr) in Staphylococcus aureus.
J Bacteriol 170 : 4365–4372
151. Muriana PM, Klaenhammer TR (1991b) Cloning, phenotypic expression and DNA
sequence of the gene for lactacin F, an antimicrobial peptide produced by lactobacillus
spp. J Bacteriol 173 :1779–1788
152. Nissen-Meyer J, Larsen AG, Sletten K, Daeschel M, Nes IF (1993b) Purification and
characterization of plantaricin A, a Lactobacillus plantarum bacteriocin whose activity
depends on the action of two peptides. J Gen Microbiol 139 :1973–1978
153. Saris EJ, Immonen T, Reis M, Sahl H (1996) Immunity of lantibiotics. Antonie van
Leeuwenhoeh 69 :151–159
154. Immonen Y, Ye S, Ra R, Qiao M, Paulin L, Saris P (1995) The codon usage of the nisin Z
operon in Lactococcus lactis N8 suggests a non-lactococcal origin of the conjugative
nisin-sucrose transposon. Sequence 5 : 203–218
155. Qiao M, Immonen T, Koponen O, Saris PEJ (1995) The cellular location and effect on
nisin immunity of the NisI protein from Lactococcus lactis N8 expressed in Escherichia
coli and L. lactis. FEMS Microbiol Lett 131: 75–80
156. Reis M, Eschbach-Bludau M, Iglesias-Wind MI, Kupke T, Sahl H-G (1994) Producer
immunity towards the lantibiotic Pep5: identification of the immunity gene pepI and
localization and functional analysis of its gene product. Appl Environ Microbiol
60 : 2876–2883
157. Meyer C, Beirbaum G, Heidrich C, Reis M, Suling J, Iglesias-Wind MI, Kempter C, Molitor
E, Sahl HG (1995) Nucleotide sequence of the lantibiotic Pep 5 biosynthetic gene cluster
and functional analysis of PepP and PepC. Evidence for a role in PepC in thioether
formation. Eur J Biochem 232 : 478–489
158. Quadri LEN, Sailer M, Roy KL, Vederas JC, Stiles ME (1994) Chemical and genetic
characterization of bacteriocins produced by Carnobacterium piscicola LV17B. J Mol
Biol 269 :12204–12211
159. Tichaczek PS, Vogel RF, Hammes WP (1993) Cloning and sequencing of curA encoding
curvacin A, the bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus curvatus LTH1174. Arch
Microbiol 160 : 279–283
160. Tichaczek PS, Vogel RF, Hammes WP (1994) Cloning and sequencing of sakP encoding
sakacinP, the bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus sake LTH673. Microbiology
140 : 361–367
Antimicrobial Peptides of Lactic Acid Bacteria: Mode of Action, Genetics and Biosynthesis
57
chrysanthemi: the specific secretion functions are analogous to those of Escherichia coli
A-hemolysin. EMBO J 9 :1375–1382
144. Hui FM, Morrison DA (1991) Genetic transformation in Streptococcus pneumoniae:
nucleotide sequence analysis shows comA, a gene required for competence induction, to
be a member of the bacterial ATP-dependent transport protein family. J Bacteriol
173 : 372–381
145. Diep DB, Håvarstein LS, Nes IF (1995) A bacteriocin-like peptide induces bacteriocin
synthesis in Lactobacillus plantarum Cll. Food Microbiol 60 :160–166
146. Håvarstein LS, Diep DB, Nes IF (1995) A family of bacteriocin ABC transporters carry
out proteolytic processing of their substrates concomitant with export. Mol Microbiol
16 : 229–240
147. Axelsson L, Holck A, Birkeland S-T, Aukrust T, Blom H (1993) Cloning and nucleotide
sequence of a gene from Lactobacillus sake Lb706 necessary for sakacin A production
and immunity. Appl Environ Microbiol 59 : 2868–2875
148. Kornblum J, Kreiswirth B, Projan SJ, Ross H, Novick RP (1990) agr: a polycistronic locus
regulating exoprotein synthesis in Staphylococcus aureus. In: Novick RP (ed) Molecular
Biology of the Staphylococci. VCH Publishers, New York, pp 373–402
149. Morfeldt CI, Janzon L, Arvidson S, Löfdahl S (1988) Cloning of a chromosomal locus
(exp) which regulates the expression of several exoprotein genes in Staphylococcus
aureus. Mol Gen Genet. 211:1601–1607
150. Peng H, Novick RP, Kreitswirth B, Kornblum J, Schlievert P (1988) Cloning, characterization and sequencing of an accessory gene regulator (agr) in Staphylococcus aureus.
J Bacteriol 170 : 4365–4372
151. Muriana PM, Klaenhammer TR (1991b) Cloning, phenotypic expression and DNA
sequence of the gene for lactacin F, an antimicrobial peptide produced by lactobacillus
spp. J Bacteriol 173 :1779–1788
152. Nissen-Meyer J, Larsen AG, Sletten K, Daeschel M, Nes IF (1993b) Purification and
characterization of plantaricin A, a Lactobacillus plantarum bacteriocin whose activity
depends on the action of two peptides. J Gen Microbiol 139 :1973–1978
153. Saris EJ, Immonen T, Reis M, Sahl H (1996) Immunity of lantibiotics. Antonie van
Leeuwenhoeh 69 :151–159
154. Immonen Y, Ye S, Ra R, Qiao M, Paulin L, Saris P (1995) The codon usage of the nisin Z
operon in Lactococcus lactis N8 suggests a non-lactococcal origin of the conjugative
nisin-sucrose transposon. Sequence 5 : 203–218
155. Qiao M, Immonen T, Koponen O, Saris PEJ (1995) The cellular location and effect on
nisin immunity of the NisI protein from Lactococcus lactis N8 expressed in Escherichia
coli and L. lactis. FEMS Microbiol Lett 131: 75–80
156. Reis M, Eschbach-Bludau M, Iglesias-Wind MI, Kupke T, Sahl H-G (1994) Producer
immunity towards the lantibiotic Pep5: identification of the immunity gene pepI and
localization and functional analysis of its gene product. Appl Environ Microbiol
60 : 2876–2883
157. Meyer C, Beirbaum G, Heidrich C, Reis M, Suling J, Iglesias-Wind MI, Kempter C, Molitor
E, Sahl HG (1995) Nucleotide sequence of the lantibiotic Pep 5 biosynthetic gene cluster
and functional analysis of PepP and PepC. Evidence for a role in PepC in thioether
formation. Eur J Biochem 232 : 478–489
158. Quadri LEN, Sailer M, Roy KL, Vederas JC, Stiles ME (1994) Chemical and genetic
characterization of bacteriocins produced by Carnobacterium piscicola LV17B. J Mol
Biol 269 :12204–12211
159. Tichaczek PS, Vogel RF, Hammes WP (1993) Cloning and sequencing of curA encoding
curvacin A, the bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus curvatus LTH1174. Arch
Microbiol 160 : 279–283
160. Tichaczek PS, Vogel RF, Hammes WP (1994) Cloning and sequencing of sakP encoding
sakacinP, the bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus sake LTH673. Microbiology
140 : 361–367
Antimicrobial Peptides of Lactic Acid Bacteria: Mode of Action, Genetics and Biosynthesis
57