Table 1.2. Systems that exhibit potential control by suspension feeding ecosystem transformers
I:C
(l)
g
::r
System
Transformers
Morphological
Environment
Advection
Source(s)
r;.
( engineers)
form
C/l
c
rJ>
'"0
(l)
Bivalve dominated
::l
rJ>
K6nigshafen
Mytilus edulis
Beds
North temperate, intertidal
Tides
Asmus et al. (1990)
o·
::l
Cerastoderma edule
and shallow estuarine
"rj
(l)
North Inlet
Crassostrea virginica
Reefs
Temperate, intertidal
Tides
Dame et al. (1980)
(l)
p..
(l)
and shallow estuarine
...
rJ>
Carling ford Lough
Crassostrea gigas
Farming, beds
North temperate,
Tides
Ball et al. (1997);
Er
C/l
Tapes semidiscussata
fjord estuary
River
Ferreira et al. 1997
::r
e.
Mytilus edulis
~
Marennes-Oleron
Crassostrea gigas
Farming, beds
Temperate, intertidal
Tides
Heral et al. (1988);
n
Mytilus edulis
and shallow estuarine
Wind
Bacher (1989)
0
I'l
South San Francisco Bay
Potamocorbula
Beds
Temperate, estuarine
Rivers
Cloern (1982)
~
e.
amurensis
~
Narragansett Bay
Mercenaria
Beds
Temperate, estuarine
Rivers, tides Pilson (1985)
...
(l)
mercenaria
...
Oosterschelde
Mytilus edulis
Farming, beds
North temperate, intertidal
Rivers, tides Smaal et al. (1986)
Cerastoderma edule
and shallow estuarine
Western Wadden Sea
Mytilus edulis,
Beds
North temperate, intertidal
Runoff tides Dame et al. (1991a);
Cerastoderma edule
and shallow estuarine
Van Stralen (1995)
Ria de Arosa
Mytilus edulis
Farming
Temperate
Upwelling
Tenore et al. (1982)
Delaware Bay
Crassostrea virginica
beds
Temperate, estuarine
Rivers
Biggs and Howell (1984)
Chesapeake Bay
Crassostrea virginica
Beds/farming
Temperate, estuarine
Rivers
Newell (1988)
Gastropod dominated
Bermuda
Dendropoma irregulare Mini-atoll reefs Subtropical, oceanic
Waves
Safriel (1974)
Shikmona
Dendropoma petraeum Mini-atoll reefs Subtropical, oceanic
Waves
Safriel (1974)
Vermetus triquetrus
......
1.0