178
MAIN TROUGH
~ /-l
(CRUSTAL THI NNING» ~
i
a
POST -EVAPORITE
SEDIMENTS (SANDS,
CLAYS, MARLS , CALC .
OOZES OR lI MEST.)
EVAPORITES,
MOSTLY HAllTE ,
ITH
INTERBEDDED ANHYDRITE
AND SHALES (SABKHA
AND DEEPER WATER EVAP .)
BASEMENT
~/
I
t"
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
NEW OCEAN IC
CRUST (SEA FLOOR
SPREADING)
I
I
GLACIO · EUSTATIC SEA
LEVEL CHANGE
EV PORI TES
Chapter 4 Adjacent Seas
FRINGING REEFS
PRE·EVAPORITE SEDIMENTS
COASTAL TO SHALLOW-MARINE
ANDST., SHALES, CARBONATES ,
SOME ANHYDRITE LAYERS)
THINNED CONT . CRUST (FAULTS
NOT SHOWN) AND PRE-RIFT
PLATFORM SEDIMENTS
BOTTOM
WATER
SURFACE
WATER
CHANNELS WITH SHALLOW
WATER BIOCLAST ICS
MARINE PlIO·
PLEISTOCENE
---REEFAL ........ _~rJ ..
5 km
SULFATES MAR LS CARBONATES ,
I---=--cc..:..:..c---jl RED CLASTICS
I
MARLS , CHALK ,
LOCALLY CLAS TICS
5000
m
....
I
I
I
E
0
0
10
0
0
N
I
I
t
c
FORAM. NANNO OOZE
d
~t~y~~~i,~y ==::---J.I=::----HOLOCENE------~- --r
""'1 m
I
~~ -- ~-- ~--~- \
1
: \
~ ~'~ \
"'- .. ~ .'~ ' '''''
I::c::<::::o:$t-- LlTHIFIED LAYERS
NANNO MARL TO CLAYST J
~ --+ - '"
\
.. '
WITH DARK ORGANICDEGLACIATION
RICH INTERVALS
DARK SHALES
BLACK DOLOMITIC
SILTST. AND SHALE
~;mr- THICK EVAPORITES
(UP TO 3-4 km)
HOLOCENE (INTERGLACIAL)
FORAM . NANNO OOZE
RICH IN ORGANIC
MATTER
GLACIAL :
"APLANKTlC' ZONE ,
RICH IN ARAGONITE
AND MG·CALCITE,
HIGH Ö 18 0
Fig. 4_6. a Sedimentary history of Red Sea-type,
"arid" basin in a transitional stage from rifting (main
trough) to drifting (axial trough). Early rifting is accompanied by coastal and normal to hypersaline,
shallow-marine sediments, which are followed by
thick sabkha salts and deeper water evaporites. Postevaporite sequences in shallow and deep water environments reflect normal to slightly hypersaline conditions. b Simplified cross section of northem Red Sea.
(After Montenat et al. 1988). c Idealized section of
drill hole in axial trough (based on Stoffers and Ross
1974). d Glaciallinterglacial variations in water circulation of the Red Sea and resulting pelagic sediments. (Based on Locke and Thunell 1988)
MAIN TROUGH
~ /-l
(CRUSTAL THI NNING» ~
i
a
POST -EVAPORITE
SEDIMENTS (SANDS,
CLAYS, MARLS , CALC .
OOZES OR lI MEST.)
EVAPORITES,
MOSTLY HAllTE ,
ITH
INTERBEDDED ANHYDRITE
AND SHALES (SABKHA
AND DEEPER WATER EVAP .)
BASEMENT
~/
I
t"
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
NEW OCEAN IC
CRUST (SEA FLOOR
SPREADING)
I
I
GLACIO · EUSTATIC SEA
LEVEL CHANGE
EV PORI TES
Chapter 4 Adjacent Seas
FRINGING REEFS
PRE·EVAPORITE SEDIMENTS
COASTAL TO SHALLOW-MARINE
ANDST., SHALES, CARBONATES ,
SOME ANHYDRITE LAYERS)
THINNED CONT . CRUST (FAULTS
NOT SHOWN) AND PRE-RIFT
PLATFORM SEDIMENTS
BOTTOM
WATER
SURFACE
WATER
CHANNELS WITH SHALLOW
WATER BIOCLAST ICS
MARINE PlIO·
PLEISTOCENE
---REEFAL ........ _~rJ ..
5 km
SULFATES MAR LS CARBONATES ,
I---=--cc..:..:..c---jl RED CLASTICS
I
MARLS , CHALK ,
LOCALLY CLAS TICS
5000
m
....
I
I
I
E
0
0
10
0
0
N
I
I
t
c
FORAM. NANNO OOZE
d
~t~y~~~i,~y ==::---J.I=::----HOLOCENE------~- --r
""'1 m
I
~~ -- ~-- ~--~- \
1
: \
~ ~'~ \
"'- .. ~ .'~ ' '''''
I::c::<::::o:$t-- LlTHIFIED LAYERS
NANNO MARL TO CLAYST J
~ --+ - '"
\
.. '
WITH DARK ORGANICDEGLACIATION
RICH INTERVALS
DARK SHALES
BLACK DOLOMITIC
SILTST. AND SHALE
~;mr- THICK EVAPORITES
(UP TO 3-4 km)
HOLOCENE (INTERGLACIAL)
FORAM . NANNO OOZE
RICH IN ORGANIC
MATTER
GLACIAL :
"APLANKTlC' ZONE ,
RICH IN ARAGONITE
AND MG·CALCITE,
HIGH Ö 18 0
Fig. 4_6. a Sedimentary history of Red Sea-type,
"arid" basin in a transitional stage from rifting (main
trough) to drifting (axial trough). Early rifting is accompanied by coastal and normal to hypersaline,
shallow-marine sediments, which are followed by
thick sabkha salts and deeper water evaporites. Postevaporite sequences in shallow and deep water environments reflect normal to slightly hypersaline conditions. b Simplified cross section of northem Red Sea.
(After Montenat et al. 1988). c Idealized section of
drill hole in axial trough (based on Stoffers and Ross
1974). d Glaciallinterglacial variations in water circulation of the Red Sea and resulting pelagic sediments. (Based on Locke and Thunell 1988)