List of Figures
3.1
Map of the western Pacific showing the limits of the WPWP
(the 28 ◦ C isotherm) in August and February (from [1]).
Reproduced with permission from Catena Verlag . . . . . . . . . .
38
3.2
Map of the western Pacific with a palaeo-oceanographic
representation of the WPWP during the Last Glacial
Maximum for the austral summer (February) (from [1]).
Reproduced with permission from Catena Verlag . . . . . . . . . .
39
3.3
Map of the western Pacific with a palaeo-oceanographic
representation of the WPWP during the Last Glacial
Maximum for the austral winter (August) (from [1]).
Reproduced with permission from Catena Verlag . . . . . . . . . .
40
3.4
The ancient continents of Sahul and Sundaland. Modern
topography is shown within the ancient continental
boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
47
3.5
Map showing the location of the ancient city of Terqa . . . . . . . .
52
3.6
A photograph from the excavation of Terqa showing the
location of the small, upside-down, scarcely visible jar
(marked by an arrow) which contained spices nearly 4,000
years old . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
53
3.7
A photograph showing the carbonized spices found inside
the jar shown in Fig. 3.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
53
4.1
A map showing the clockwise ocean loop made by the
Equatorial Current and the Indian Counter Current used in
sailing the Cinnamon Route (based on a map of world ocean
currents on pp. 12–13 of The Time Concise Atlas, Australian
edition, 1976. Copyright Times Newspapers Ltd & John
Bartholomew and Son). Reproduced with permission from
HarperCollins Publishers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
72
4.2
A bas-relief depiction of a Halmaherian double-masted
double-outrigger from the 8th century temple of Borobudur
in Java (photo courtesy of P. Beale/The Borobudur
Expedition) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
76
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