74
Land-Ocean Systems in the Siberian Arctic: Dynamics and History
Materials and methods
The analysis and calculations were based on CTD-soundings during the expeditions Transdrift
II (September 1994), Transdrift III (October 1995) and during the winter portion of the
Transdrift IV expedition (May 1996; see Figure 1)- On the Transdrift II expedition,
observations were made from aboard the RN "Professor Multanovsky" in the ice-free region of
the Laptev Sea_ During the Transdrift III, expedition work was carried out aboard the
icebreaker "Kapitan Dranitsyn" or from the ice cover at a distance of not more than 100 m from
the icebreaker. The stations west and north-west of Kotelny Island were on open water and all
other stations were under conditions of intense ice formation and ice thickness of 5 to 30 cm.
On the Transdrift IV expedition, observations were made from fast ice up to 2.10 m thick.
CTD-soundings were conducted using a sounding set OTS-PROBE Serie 3 (Meerestechnic
Electronic GmBH, Germany).
,,..
- "'"
' "'I
,.,.
' OO'
, ...
,..,
o
0
"I
0
Q)
I
o · Laptev Sea
• •• • ••••••
".
0- Polar stations
17
• - TRANSDRlFf-II
0 - TRANSDRIFf-1II
+ -TRANSDRIFf-IV
11'
n'
I ICB' fi
,.,.
' ...
,,..
"", I
Figure 1: A scheme of the comprehensive oceanographic survey in the Transdrift II, Transdrift III and in the
winter phase of the Transdrift IV expedition. Polar stations whose data were used: 1 - Tiksi, 2 - Kotel'ny, 3 -
Dunai, 4 -Terpyai-Tumus.
The averaged daily data for standard meteorological air temperature observations at the polar
stations "Kotelny", "Dunay", "Terpyai-Tumus", and "Tiksi" (Figure 1) were used for
estimating the rate of ice formation in the winter season 1995-1996. The calculated values of ice
thickness and salination were verified using CTD-data obtained at the same points in Transdrift
IV expedition. The fast ice edge position was taken from the composite lO-day ice charts
prepared in AARI on the basis of NOAA and METEOR satellite imagery.
Land-Ocean Systems in the Siberian Arctic: Dynamics and History
Materials and methods
The analysis and calculations were based on CTD-soundings during the expeditions Transdrift
II (September 1994), Transdrift III (October 1995) and during the winter portion of the
Transdrift IV expedition (May 1996; see Figure 1)- On the Transdrift II expedition,
observations were made from aboard the RN "Professor Multanovsky" in the ice-free region of
the Laptev Sea_ During the Transdrift III, expedition work was carried out aboard the
icebreaker "Kapitan Dranitsyn" or from the ice cover at a distance of not more than 100 m from
the icebreaker. The stations west and north-west of Kotelny Island were on open water and all
other stations were under conditions of intense ice formation and ice thickness of 5 to 30 cm.
On the Transdrift IV expedition, observations were made from fast ice up to 2.10 m thick.
CTD-soundings were conducted using a sounding set OTS-PROBE Serie 3 (Meerestechnic
Electronic GmBH, Germany).
,,..
- "'"
' "'I
,.,.
' OO'
, ...
,..,
o
0
"I
0
Q)
I
o · Laptev Sea
• •• • ••••••
".
0- Polar stations
17
• - TRANSDRlFf-II
0 - TRANSDRIFf-1II
+ -TRANSDRIFf-IV
11'
n'
I ICB' fi
,.,.
' ...
,,..
"", I
Figure 1: A scheme of the comprehensive oceanographic survey in the Transdrift II, Transdrift III and in the
winter phase of the Transdrift IV expedition. Polar stations whose data were used: 1 - Tiksi, 2 - Kotel'ny, 3 -
Dunai, 4 -Terpyai-Tumus.
The averaged daily data for standard meteorological air temperature observations at the polar
stations "Kotelny", "Dunay", "Terpyai-Tumus", and "Tiksi" (Figure 1) were used for
estimating the rate of ice formation in the winter season 1995-1996. The calculated values of ice
thickness and salination were verified using CTD-data obtained at the same points in Transdrift
IV expedition. The fast ice edge position was taken from the composite lO-day ice charts
prepared in AARI on the basis of NOAA and METEOR satellite imagery.