Numerical Modelling of Storm Surges in the Laptev Sea based on
the Finite Element Method
I. Ashik and A. Novakov
State Research Center - Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, 38 Bering St., 199226 St. Petersburg, Russia
Received 3 March 1997 and accepted in revised fonn 3 March 1998
Abstract - A two-dimensional numerical model is used to simulate stonn surges in the
Laptev Sea. The model is based on the finite-element method applied to the shallow water
equations. The applied method allows for the building of boundary-adapted grids. For time
integration the simple explicit method is used. To illustrate the quality of the calculations,
surges that occurred in September 1989 and August 1992 are compared to numerical
simulations.
Introduction
At the 5t. Petersburg AARI, numerical hydrodynamic models based on the finite difference
method have been used to provide navigation and cargo operations with forecasts and
calculations of sea level elevations for several years. The use of finite difference methods leads
to regularization of the boundary of a domain. It can have a sufficient influence on the whole
solution, particularly in coastal zones, which are often the most important zones in applications.
The high spatial resolution is the obvious way to improve description of a basin's
morphometry, however, it will require additional computer resources.
In this paper we consider the two-dimensional model based on the finite element method. We
use the same basic dynamical formulation as Ashik at al. (1989). To approximate the domain,
triangle elements with quadratic basis functions were used.
The sea model
We neglect the sphericity of the earth's surface and use a system of rectangular Cartesian
coordinates. A linearized two-dimensional model was used to simulate storm surges in the
Laptev Sea:
(1)
H+s
H+I;
where U = f udz, V = f vdz - the components of the whole-current; f - the Coriolis
parameter; x - elevation of the sea surface above the undisturbed level; g - acceleration due to
gravity; H - the undisturbed depth of water; Pa - atmospheric pressure at the sea surface;
In: Kassens. H., H.A. Bauch. I. Dmitrenko, H. Eicken, H.-W. Hubberten, M. Melles, J. Thiede and L. Timokhov (eds.)
Land-Ocean Systems in the Siberian Arctic: Dynamics and History. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1999, 17-23.
the Finite Element Method
I. Ashik and A. Novakov
State Research Center - Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, 38 Bering St., 199226 St. Petersburg, Russia
Received 3 March 1997 and accepted in revised fonn 3 March 1998
Abstract - A two-dimensional numerical model is used to simulate stonn surges in the
Laptev Sea. The model is based on the finite-element method applied to the shallow water
equations. The applied method allows for the building of boundary-adapted grids. For time
integration the simple explicit method is used. To illustrate the quality of the calculations,
surges that occurred in September 1989 and August 1992 are compared to numerical
simulations.
Introduction
At the 5t. Petersburg AARI, numerical hydrodynamic models based on the finite difference
method have been used to provide navigation and cargo operations with forecasts and
calculations of sea level elevations for several years. The use of finite difference methods leads
to regularization of the boundary of a domain. It can have a sufficient influence on the whole
solution, particularly in coastal zones, which are often the most important zones in applications.
The high spatial resolution is the obvious way to improve description of a basin's
morphometry, however, it will require additional computer resources.
In this paper we consider the two-dimensional model based on the finite element method. We
use the same basic dynamical formulation as Ashik at al. (1989). To approximate the domain,
triangle elements with quadratic basis functions were used.
The sea model
We neglect the sphericity of the earth's surface and use a system of rectangular Cartesian
coordinates. A linearized two-dimensional model was used to simulate storm surges in the
Laptev Sea:
(1)
H+s
H+I;
where U = f udz, V = f vdz - the components of the whole-current; f - the Coriolis
parameter; x - elevation of the sea surface above the undisturbed level; g - acceleration due to
gravity; H - the undisturbed depth of water; Pa - atmospheric pressure at the sea surface;
In: Kassens. H., H.A. Bauch. I. Dmitrenko, H. Eicken, H.-W. Hubberten, M. Melles, J. Thiede and L. Timokhov (eds.)
Land-Ocean Systems in the Siberian Arctic: Dynamics and History. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1999, 17-23.