180˚
180˚
−160˚
−160˚
−140˚
−140˚
−120˚
−120˚
−100˚
−100˚
−80˚
−80˚
−60˚
−60˚
−40˚
−40˚
−20˚
−20˚
0˚
0˚
20˚
20˚
40˚
40˚
60˚
60˚
80˚
80˚
100˚
100˚
120˚
120˚
140˚
140˚
160˚
160˚
180˚
180˚
−80˚
−80˚
−70˚
−70˚
−60˚
−60˚
−50˚
−50˚
−40˚
−40˚
−30˚
−30˚
−20˚
−20˚
−10˚
−10˚
0˚
0˚
10˚
10˚
20˚
20˚
30˚
30˚
40˚
40˚
50˚
50˚
60˚
60˚
70˚
70˚
80˚
80˚
8
1
11
10
5
2
4
17
9
16
15
13
18
14
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Aleutian Trench, Alaska Margin: Copper River Basin
British Columbia, Canada
Cascadia (Oregon, Washington)
California, Nevada
Mexico, Gulf of Mexico
Texas, Mississippi, Lousiana
Lake Michigan
Costa Rica
Colombia
Ecuador
Barbados
Venezuela and Trinidad
Greenland, North Atlantic
Morocco/North Africa
Spain
Alboran Sea
Western Alps, Appennines/Italy
Aegean Sea
3
7
12
20 21
22
23
24
Barents Sea, North Sea, Baltic Sea
Sicily
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
Peleponnesus/Greece, Adriatic Sea
Eastern Mediterranean Sea
Roumania
Tanzania/East Africa
Black Sea, Kerch and Crimea Peninsulas
Caucasus (Taman, Georgia, Azerbaijan)
Caspian Sea
Iran, Turkmenistan
Makran and Pakistan
India
Burma
Sumatra, Java
Borneo, Brunei, Sabah/Malaysia
Gulf of Guinea
Timor-Ceram Arc
Ryukyu Trench, Nankai, Japan Trench, Japan
Sakhalin Island/Sea of Ochotsk
Marianas
Taiwan
Central Australia
25
26 27
28
29 30
31
32
33
34
36
35
37
39
38
41
19
41
Irian Raya, Papua New Guinea
New Zealand
42
Lybian Desert, Egypt
43
Netherlands
44
42
43
44
40
Mud Volcano, Figure 1 Map of global mud volcano occurrence based on compilation by Kopf (2002) and recent publications on
individual regions (after Kopf, 2002).
MUD VOLCANO
529