Benediktsson, Í. Ö., Ingólfsson, Ó., Schomacker, A., and
Kjær, K. H., 2009. Formation of submarginal and proglacial
end moraines: implications of ice-flow mechanism
during the 1963–64 surge of Brúarjökull, Iceland. Boreas, 38,
440–457.
Benediktsson, Í. Ö., Schomacker, A., Lokrantz, H., and Ingólfsson,
Ó., 2010. The 1890 surge end moraine at Eyjabakkajökull, Iceland: a re-assessment of a classic glaciotectonic locality. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29, 484–506.
Benn, D. I., and Evans, D. J. A., 2010. Glaciers and Glaciation.
London: Hodder Education.
Bennett, M. R., 2001. The morphology, structural evolution and significance of push moraines. Earth-Science Reviews, 53,
197–236.
Boulton, G. S., 1972. Modern Arctic glaciers as depositional models
for former ice sheets. Journal of the Geological Society of London, 128, 361–393.
Boulton, G. S., van der Meer, J. J. M., Beets, D. J., Hart, J. K., and
Ruegg, G. H. J., 1999. The sedimentary and structural evolution
of a recent push moraine complex: Holmströmbreen, Spitsbergen. Quaternary Science Reviews, 18, 339–371.
Clayton, L., Attig, J. W., Ham, N. R., Johnson, M. D.,
Jennings, C. E., and Syverson, K. M., 2008. Ice-walled-lake
plains: implications for the origin of hummocky glacial
topography in middle North America. Geomorphology, 97,
237–248.
Dowdeswell, J. A., Ottesen, D., Evans, J., Ó Cofaigh, C., and
Anderson, J. B., 2008. Submarine glacial landforms and rates
of ice-stream collapse. Geology, 36, 819–822.
Dyke, A. S., and Prest, V. K., 1987. Late Wisconsinan and Holocene
history of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Ge ´ographie physique et
Quaternaire, 41, 237–263.
Evans, D. J. A., 2009. Controlled moraines: origins, characteristics
and palaeoglaciological implications. Quaternary Science
Reviews, 28, 183–208.
Evans, D. J. A., Hiemstra, J. F., and Cofaigh, C. O., 2012. Stratigraphic architecture and sedimentology of a Late Pleistocene
subaqueous moraine complex, southwest Ireland. Journal of
Quaternary Science, 27, 51–63.
Fyfe, G. J., 1990. The effect of water depth on ice-proximal
glaciolacustrine sedimentation: Salpausselkä I, southern Finland. Boreas, 19, 147–164.
Goff, J. A., Lawson, D. E., Willems, B. A., Davis, M., and Gulick,
S. P. S., 2012. Morainal bank progradation and sediment accumulation in Disenchantment Bay, Alaska: Response to advancing Hubbard Glacier. Journal of Geophysical Research – Earth
Surface, 117, F02031.
Howe, J. A., Dove, D., Bradwell, T., and Gafeira, J., 2012. Submarine geomorphology of the Sea of the Hebrides, UK. Marine
Geology, 315–318, 64–76.
Jakobsson, M., Anderson, J. B., Nitsche, F. O., Dowdeswell, J. A.,
Gyllencreutz, R., Kirchner, N., Mohammad, R., O’Regan, M.,
Alley, R. B., Anandakrishnan, S., Eriksson, B., Kirshner, A.,
Fernandez, R., Stolldorf, T., Minzoni, R., and Majewski, W.,
2011. Geological record of ice shelf break-up and grounding
line retreat, Pine Island Bay, West Antarctica. Geology, 39,
691–694.
Lindén, M., and Möller, P., 2005. Marginal formation of De
Geer moraines and their implications to the dynamics of
grounding-line recession. Journal of Quaternary Science, 20,
113–133.
Lindén, M., Möller, P., and Adrielsson, L., 2008. Ribbed moraine
formed by subglacial folding, thrust stacking and lee-side cavity
infill. Boreas, 37, 102–131.
Livingstone, S. J., Cofaigh, C. O., Stokes, C. R., Hillenbrand, C. D.,
Vieli, A., and Jamieson, S. S. R., 2012. Antarctic palaeo-ice
streams. Earth-Science Reviews, 111, 90–128.
Lønne, I., 1995. Sedimentary facies and depositional architecture of
ice-contact glaciomarine systems. Sedimentary Geology, 98,
13–43.
Lønne, I., 2001. Dynamics of marine glacier termini read from
moraine architecture. Geology, 29, 199–202.
Möller, P., 2006. Rogen moraine: an example of glacial reshaping of
pre-existing landforms. Quaternary Science Reviews, 25,
362–389.
Möller, P., 2010. Melt-out till and ribbed moraine formation,
a case study from south Sweden. Sedimentary Geology, 232,
161–180.
Nemec, W., Lønne, I., and Blikra, L. H., 1999. The Kregnes
moraine in Gauldalen, west-central Norway: anatomy of a Younger Dryas proglacial delta in a palaeofjord basin. Boreas, 28,
454–476.
Nitsche, F. O., Gohl, K., Larter, R. D., Hillenbrand, C.-D., Kuhn, G.,
Smith, J. A., Jacobs, S., Anderson, J. B., and Jakobsson, M., 2013.
Paleo ice flow and subglacial meltwater dynamics in Pine Island
Bay, West Antarctica. The Cryosphere, 7, 249–262.
Ottesen, D., Dowdeswell, J. A., Benn, D. I., Kristensen, L.,
Christiansen, H. H., Christensen, O., Hansen, L., Lebesbye, E.,
Forwick, M., and Vorren, T. O., 2008. Submarine landforms
characteristic of glacier surges in two Spitsbergen fjords. Quaternary Science Reviews, 27, 1583–1599.
Ross, M., Campbell, J. E., Parent, M., and Adams, R. S., 2009.
Palaeo-ice streams and the subglacial landscape mosaic of
the North American mid-continental prairies. Boreas, 38,
421–439.
Schomacker, A., 2008. What controls dead-ice melting under different climate conditions? A discussion. Earth-Science Reviews,
90, 103–113.
Schomacker, A., 2011. Moraine. In Singh, V. P., Singh, P., and
Haritashya, U. K. (eds.), Encyclopedia of snow, ice and glaciers.
Dordrecht: Springer, pp. 747–756.
Schomacker, A., Kjær, K. H., and Krüger, J., 2010. Subglacial environments, sediments and landforms at the margins of
Mýrdalsjökull. In Schomacker, A., Krüger, J., and Kjær, K. H.
(eds.), The Mýrdalsjökull Ice Cap, Iceland. Glacial processes,
sediments and landforms on an active volcano. Amsterdam:
Elsevier. Developments in Quaternary Science, Vol.
13, pp. 127–144.
Shaw, J., Todd, B. J., Brushett, D., Parrot, D. R., and Bell, T., 2009.
Late Wisconsinan glacial landsystems on Atlantic Canadian
shelves: new evidence from multibeam and single-beam sonar
data. Boreas, 38, 146–159.
Winsborrow, M. C., Andreassen, K., Corner, G. D., and Laberg,
J. S., 2010. Deglaciation of a marine-based ice sheet: Late
Weichselian palaeo-ice dynamics and retreat in the southern
Barents Sea reconstructed from onshore and offshore glacial
geomorphology. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29, 424–442.
Cross-references
Deltas
Fjords
Geochronology: Uranium-Series Dating of Ocean Formations
Glacio(hydro)-isostatic Adjustment
Grounding Line
Ice-rafted Debris (IRD)
Regional Marine Geology
522
MORAINES
Kjær, K. H., 2009. Formation of submarginal and proglacial
end moraines: implications of ice-flow mechanism
during the 1963–64 surge of Brúarjökull, Iceland. Boreas, 38,
440–457.
Benediktsson, Í. Ö., Schomacker, A., Lokrantz, H., and Ingólfsson,
Ó., 2010. The 1890 surge end moraine at Eyjabakkajökull, Iceland: a re-assessment of a classic glaciotectonic locality. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29, 484–506.
Benn, D. I., and Evans, D. J. A., 2010. Glaciers and Glaciation.
London: Hodder Education.
Bennett, M. R., 2001. The morphology, structural evolution and significance of push moraines. Earth-Science Reviews, 53,
197–236.
Boulton, G. S., 1972. Modern Arctic glaciers as depositional models
for former ice sheets. Journal of the Geological Society of London, 128, 361–393.
Boulton, G. S., van der Meer, J. J. M., Beets, D. J., Hart, J. K., and
Ruegg, G. H. J., 1999. The sedimentary and structural evolution
of a recent push moraine complex: Holmströmbreen, Spitsbergen. Quaternary Science Reviews, 18, 339–371.
Clayton, L., Attig, J. W., Ham, N. R., Johnson, M. D.,
Jennings, C. E., and Syverson, K. M., 2008. Ice-walled-lake
plains: implications for the origin of hummocky glacial
topography in middle North America. Geomorphology, 97,
237–248.
Dowdeswell, J. A., Ottesen, D., Evans, J., Ó Cofaigh, C., and
Anderson, J. B., 2008. Submarine glacial landforms and rates
of ice-stream collapse. Geology, 36, 819–822.
Dyke, A. S., and Prest, V. K., 1987. Late Wisconsinan and Holocene
history of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Ge ´ographie physique et
Quaternaire, 41, 237–263.
Evans, D. J. A., 2009. Controlled moraines: origins, characteristics
and palaeoglaciological implications. Quaternary Science
Reviews, 28, 183–208.
Evans, D. J. A., Hiemstra, J. F., and Cofaigh, C. O., 2012. Stratigraphic architecture and sedimentology of a Late Pleistocene
subaqueous moraine complex, southwest Ireland. Journal of
Quaternary Science, 27, 51–63.
Fyfe, G. J., 1990. The effect of water depth on ice-proximal
glaciolacustrine sedimentation: Salpausselkä I, southern Finland. Boreas, 19, 147–164.
Goff, J. A., Lawson, D. E., Willems, B. A., Davis, M., and Gulick,
S. P. S., 2012. Morainal bank progradation and sediment accumulation in Disenchantment Bay, Alaska: Response to advancing Hubbard Glacier. Journal of Geophysical Research – Earth
Surface, 117, F02031.
Howe, J. A., Dove, D., Bradwell, T., and Gafeira, J., 2012. Submarine geomorphology of the Sea of the Hebrides, UK. Marine
Geology, 315–318, 64–76.
Jakobsson, M., Anderson, J. B., Nitsche, F. O., Dowdeswell, J. A.,
Gyllencreutz, R., Kirchner, N., Mohammad, R., O’Regan, M.,
Alley, R. B., Anandakrishnan, S., Eriksson, B., Kirshner, A.,
Fernandez, R., Stolldorf, T., Minzoni, R., and Majewski, W.,
2011. Geological record of ice shelf break-up and grounding
line retreat, Pine Island Bay, West Antarctica. Geology, 39,
691–694.
Lindén, M., and Möller, P., 2005. Marginal formation of De
Geer moraines and their implications to the dynamics of
grounding-line recession. Journal of Quaternary Science, 20,
113–133.
Lindén, M., Möller, P., and Adrielsson, L., 2008. Ribbed moraine
formed by subglacial folding, thrust stacking and lee-side cavity
infill. Boreas, 37, 102–131.
Livingstone, S. J., Cofaigh, C. O., Stokes, C. R., Hillenbrand, C. D.,
Vieli, A., and Jamieson, S. S. R., 2012. Antarctic palaeo-ice
streams. Earth-Science Reviews, 111, 90–128.
Lønne, I., 1995. Sedimentary facies and depositional architecture of
ice-contact glaciomarine systems. Sedimentary Geology, 98,
13–43.
Lønne, I., 2001. Dynamics of marine glacier termini read from
moraine architecture. Geology, 29, 199–202.
Möller, P., 2006. Rogen moraine: an example of glacial reshaping of
pre-existing landforms. Quaternary Science Reviews, 25,
362–389.
Möller, P., 2010. Melt-out till and ribbed moraine formation,
a case study from south Sweden. Sedimentary Geology, 232,
161–180.
Nemec, W., Lønne, I., and Blikra, L. H., 1999. The Kregnes
moraine in Gauldalen, west-central Norway: anatomy of a Younger Dryas proglacial delta in a palaeofjord basin. Boreas, 28,
454–476.
Nitsche, F. O., Gohl, K., Larter, R. D., Hillenbrand, C.-D., Kuhn, G.,
Smith, J. A., Jacobs, S., Anderson, J. B., and Jakobsson, M., 2013.
Paleo ice flow and subglacial meltwater dynamics in Pine Island
Bay, West Antarctica. The Cryosphere, 7, 249–262.
Ottesen, D., Dowdeswell, J. A., Benn, D. I., Kristensen, L.,
Christiansen, H. H., Christensen, O., Hansen, L., Lebesbye, E.,
Forwick, M., and Vorren, T. O., 2008. Submarine landforms
characteristic of glacier surges in two Spitsbergen fjords. Quaternary Science Reviews, 27, 1583–1599.
Ross, M., Campbell, J. E., Parent, M., and Adams, R. S., 2009.
Palaeo-ice streams and the subglacial landscape mosaic of
the North American mid-continental prairies. Boreas, 38,
421–439.
Schomacker, A., 2008. What controls dead-ice melting under different climate conditions? A discussion. Earth-Science Reviews,
90, 103–113.
Schomacker, A., 2011. Moraine. In Singh, V. P., Singh, P., and
Haritashya, U. K. (eds.), Encyclopedia of snow, ice and glaciers.
Dordrecht: Springer, pp. 747–756.
Schomacker, A., Kjær, K. H., and Krüger, J., 2010. Subglacial environments, sediments and landforms at the margins of
Mýrdalsjökull. In Schomacker, A., Krüger, J., and Kjær, K. H.
(eds.), The Mýrdalsjökull Ice Cap, Iceland. Glacial processes,
sediments and landforms on an active volcano. Amsterdam:
Elsevier. Developments in Quaternary Science, Vol.
13, pp. 127–144.
Shaw, J., Todd, B. J., Brushett, D., Parrot, D. R., and Bell, T., 2009.
Late Wisconsinan glacial landsystems on Atlantic Canadian
shelves: new evidence from multibeam and single-beam sonar
data. Boreas, 38, 146–159.
Winsborrow, M. C., Andreassen, K., Corner, G. D., and Laberg,
J. S., 2010. Deglaciation of a marine-based ice sheet: Late
Weichselian palaeo-ice dynamics and retreat in the southern
Barents Sea reconstructed from onshore and offshore glacial
geomorphology. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29, 424–442.
Cross-references
Deltas
Fjords
Geochronology: Uranium-Series Dating of Ocean Formations
Glacio(hydro)-isostatic Adjustment
Grounding Line
Ice-rafted Debris (IRD)
Regional Marine Geology
522
MORAINES