stenoionic
306
some exceptions occur with species that leave their normal habitat during
the spawning period (e.g., eels, salmon, sticklebacks, etc.).
stenoionic refers to an organism that can only tolerate small variations in the
ion concentration of its environment. Many marine and freshwater species
are stenoionic.
stenophagous refers to animals with a very narrow food specialization, e.g., the
ctenophore Beroe gracilis, feeding exclusively on another ctenophore, Pleurobrachia pileus. Many species prefer some diversity in their food but have
the disadvantage that they cannot develop specialized feeding mechanisms
by which a lot of competition can be avoided. Thus, stenophagous feeding
habits may have advantages when a certain type of food is abundant and
reliable; opposite of euryphagous.
stenotherm(al) refers to species that show a distinct preference for a small range
of environmental temperatures. The reason for such a preference is that by
choosing a habitat with a fairly constant temperature they can attain a certain degree of stability in their metabolic rates. On land, temperatures fluctuate more rapidly and severely than in an aquatic environment (related to
differences in heat capacity of water and air). Stenothermal species cannot
withstand large fluctuations. In the sea many stenothermal organisms survive by means of an active habitat selection (--7migration). On land organisms
are forced either to tolerate temperature changes and become eurythermal or
to develop homeothermal mechanisms (--7 homeotherms).
stock enhancement methodes to increase the size of a harvestable resource, generally through release of juveniles or through increasing growth.
Stokes drift the movement of a particle in a variable current with respect to the
local mean current. This differential movement is the consequence of a
transformation from the oscillating motion in the Eulerian sense to a net
movement in the Lagrangian sense (--7Euler-Lagrange transformation). In harmonic gravity waves, therefore, the orbital motion does not result in closed
tracks of the water particles.
Stomatopoda only order within the Hoplocarida (subphylum Crustacea).
storm surge rise of the sea level above the normal tide, because of atmospheric
effects, either the wind stress or a low atmospheric pressure (inverse barometer effect). Storm surges are not only due to direct, but also to indirect
effects, the latter in the form of free long waves that stem from atmospheric
effects acting at some distance. Storm surges generated outside the area
where they are observed are called external surges.
306
some exceptions occur with species that leave their normal habitat during
the spawning period (e.g., eels, salmon, sticklebacks, etc.).
stenoionic refers to an organism that can only tolerate small variations in the
ion concentration of its environment. Many marine and freshwater species
are stenoionic.
stenophagous refers to animals with a very narrow food specialization, e.g., the
ctenophore Beroe gracilis, feeding exclusively on another ctenophore, Pleurobrachia pileus. Many species prefer some diversity in their food but have
the disadvantage that they cannot develop specialized feeding mechanisms
by which a lot of competition can be avoided. Thus, stenophagous feeding
habits may have advantages when a certain type of food is abundant and
reliable; opposite of euryphagous.
stenotherm(al) refers to species that show a distinct preference for a small range
of environmental temperatures. The reason for such a preference is that by
choosing a habitat with a fairly constant temperature they can attain a certain degree of stability in their metabolic rates. On land, temperatures fluctuate more rapidly and severely than in an aquatic environment (related to
differences in heat capacity of water and air). Stenothermal species cannot
withstand large fluctuations. In the sea many stenothermal organisms survive by means of an active habitat selection (--7migration). On land organisms
are forced either to tolerate temperature changes and become eurythermal or
to develop homeothermal mechanisms (--7 homeotherms).
stock enhancement methodes to increase the size of a harvestable resource, generally through release of juveniles or through increasing growth.
Stokes drift the movement of a particle in a variable current with respect to the
local mean current. This differential movement is the consequence of a
transformation from the oscillating motion in the Eulerian sense to a net
movement in the Lagrangian sense (--7Euler-Lagrange transformation). In harmonic gravity waves, therefore, the orbital motion does not result in closed
tracks of the water particles.
Stomatopoda only order within the Hoplocarida (subphylum Crustacea).
storm surge rise of the sea level above the normal tide, because of atmospheric
effects, either the wind stress or a low atmospheric pressure (inverse barometer effect). Storm surges are not only due to direct, but also to indirect
effects, the latter in the form of free long waves that stem from atmospheric
effects acting at some distance. Storm surges generated outside the area
where they are observed are called external surges.