R. Ramesh . S. Ramachandran
Table 13.9. Coastal management issues and probable solutions in small South Asian countries
Country
Bangladesh
Maldives
Sri Lanka
Issues (as prioritized)
Solutions
Promote quality research relating to environmental issues
• Dumping of untreated sewage into
rivers, estuaries and neritic waters
• Destruction of mangrove and other
forests
• Siltation causing turbid water and
leading to the formation of sand bars
and closure of estuary mouths
• Discharge of industrial effluents of
various origins
• Overfishing-capture fisheries and
shrimp seed collection
• Release of agrochemical: fertilizers and
pesticides
• Solid water disposal in aquatic systems
Education and Awareness
• Coral mining
• Sewage/industrial/aquaculture and
agriculture discharges
• Solid waste disposal
• Overexploitation of marine living
resources
• Land reclamation/siltation
• Sand mining
• Dredging
• Construction of unplanned
structures on the coast
• Mangrove destruction
• Oil pollution
Contr • Coral mining
• Sewage/ industrial/ aquaculture and
agriculture discharges
• Solid waste disposal
• Construction of unplanned
structures on the coast
• Sand mining
• Mangrove destruction
• Overexploitation of marine living
resources
• Land reclamation/siltation
• Oil pollution
• Dredging
Creation of data bases
EIAs should be made before
implementation of activities which
might effect the environment
Strict enforcement of laws
• Feasibility studies locations available
for sand-mining
• Support to sewage treatment disposal
plan proposal in critical areas
• Improving existing sewage farms and
ensuring better management
• Improving collection/handling systems
of solid waste
• Establish suitable land- fill sites
EIA before dredging
Develop management plans for
maximum sustainable yield
• Remove subsidies on boats and gears
• Control over destructive fishing
methods
• Strict enforcement of forest ordinances
• Rehabilitation of mangroves
• Water quality monitoring in chronic
areas of oil pollution
• Implementation of coastal zone
management plan
• Guidelines for resort development
Destruction of marine habitats has been causing great concern in these countries.
Coral reefs and mangroves are degraded in all countries bordering the Bay of Bengal
and many coastal areas are overexploited. The delicate balance between marine life and
such coastal habitats as lagoons, estuaries, mangroves and coastal wetlands is disturbed
in all the counties studied.
Table 13.9. Coastal management issues and probable solutions in small South Asian countries
Country
Bangladesh
Maldives
Sri Lanka
Issues (as prioritized)
Solutions
Promote quality research relating to environmental issues
• Dumping of untreated sewage into
rivers, estuaries and neritic waters
• Destruction of mangrove and other
forests
• Siltation causing turbid water and
leading to the formation of sand bars
and closure of estuary mouths
• Discharge of industrial effluents of
various origins
• Overfishing-capture fisheries and
shrimp seed collection
• Release of agrochemical: fertilizers and
pesticides
• Solid water disposal in aquatic systems
Education and Awareness
• Coral mining
• Sewage/industrial/aquaculture and
agriculture discharges
• Solid waste disposal
• Overexploitation of marine living
resources
• Land reclamation/siltation
• Sand mining
• Dredging
• Construction of unplanned
structures on the coast
• Mangrove destruction
• Oil pollution
Contr • Coral mining
• Sewage/ industrial/ aquaculture and
agriculture discharges
• Solid waste disposal
• Construction of unplanned
structures on the coast
• Sand mining
• Mangrove destruction
• Overexploitation of marine living
resources
• Land reclamation/siltation
• Oil pollution
• Dredging
Creation of data bases
EIAs should be made before
implementation of activities which
might effect the environment
Strict enforcement of laws
• Feasibility studies locations available
for sand-mining
• Support to sewage treatment disposal
plan proposal in critical areas
• Improving existing sewage farms and
ensuring better management
• Improving collection/handling systems
of solid waste
• Establish suitable land- fill sites
EIA before dredging
Develop management plans for
maximum sustainable yield
• Remove subsidies on boats and gears
• Control over destructive fishing
methods
• Strict enforcement of forest ordinances
• Rehabilitation of mangroves
• Water quality monitoring in chronic
areas of oil pollution
• Implementation of coastal zone
management plan
• Guidelines for resort development
Destruction of marine habitats has been causing great concern in these countries.
Coral reefs and mangroves are degraded in all countries bordering the Bay of Bengal
and many coastal areas are overexploited. The delicate balance between marine life and
such coastal habitats as lagoons, estuaries, mangroves and coastal wetlands is disturbed
in all the counties studied.