232
S. Sukardjo
can enhance prospects for sustainable development and involves divergent approach to the distribution of coastal resources, ways to pay for conservation (e.g. in
Java for mangrove forest - Sukardjo 1990; Sukardjo and Yamada 1992) and to distribute profit from the involvement in land and forest management (e.g. prosperity approach for the MAMA, MALU projects of the Perum Perhutani - in coastal land use
planning. Therefore, in "PELITA V" ahead, the government of Indonesia have the
opportunity of making significant progress towards the achievement of truly sustainable development. Clearly, ICZM can make a great contribution to the welfare of
humanity at large.
12.5
Conclusions
The vast majority of the people of the coastal zones of Indonesia live in poverty.
To provide adequate supplies of food and sufficient employment in the future
for the expanding population in Indonesia, all of the present potential coastal resources must contribute to the general welfare of the country. Therefore, the goals of
the ICZM in Indonesia and strategies for achieving them will be a continuing
source for debate in the years ahead. The future behaviour of the coastal system
in response to changes in climate and other environmental factors is of direct socioeconomical importance in terms of both biological feedback effect on the global
environment and the availability and sustainability of the living resources. It
follows therefore that successful ICZM in Indonesia will depend on careful blending of scientific knowledge about the functioning of coastal ecosystem and of the
factors both natural and manmade which influence their stability and functions.
Because of the special nature and fragility of the coastal zone the policy makers,
politicians and economists are not always aware of the socio-economical complications of promoting the sustainable development of fisheries, agriculture and
forestry on the c(?astal zones in Indonesia. Integration of fisheries with other forms
of agriculture diversifies farm productivity which in turn provides opportunities
for intensified production with more efficient allocation of land, water, labour,
equipment and oth~r enterprises which operate independently. I believe that some
of the planning and guiding of the development of the coastal zones in Indonesia
along sound ecological lines are exceptionally difficult. Hence, we need to increase
and-strengthen the dialogue between Science (natural and social), management and
decision-making.
References
Anonymous (1978) Statistik Indonesia (The statistic of Indonesia) 1977- Biro Pusat Statistik Jakarta,
LXXII + P 1202
Anonymous (1979) Rencana program penclitian dan pengembangan Sumberdaya Laut dan Lingkungan
Laut di dalam Pelita III 1979-1984 (Planning program for the research and development of marine
resources and marine environment in the Third Five Years Development Plan 1979-1984). Lembaga
Oseanologi Nasional, Jakarta, p 26 (mimeo)
Sukardjo S (1990) Conservation of mangrove formation in Java. In: Baas P et al. (eds) The Plant Diversity of Malesia. Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands, pp 329-340
S. Sukardjo
can enhance prospects for sustainable development and involves divergent approach to the distribution of coastal resources, ways to pay for conservation (e.g. in
Java for mangrove forest - Sukardjo 1990; Sukardjo and Yamada 1992) and to distribute profit from the involvement in land and forest management (e.g. prosperity approach for the MAMA, MALU projects of the Perum Perhutani - in coastal land use
planning. Therefore, in "PELITA V" ahead, the government of Indonesia have the
opportunity of making significant progress towards the achievement of truly sustainable development. Clearly, ICZM can make a great contribution to the welfare of
humanity at large.
12.5
Conclusions
The vast majority of the people of the coastal zones of Indonesia live in poverty.
To provide adequate supplies of food and sufficient employment in the future
for the expanding population in Indonesia, all of the present potential coastal resources must contribute to the general welfare of the country. Therefore, the goals of
the ICZM in Indonesia and strategies for achieving them will be a continuing
source for debate in the years ahead. The future behaviour of the coastal system
in response to changes in climate and other environmental factors is of direct socioeconomical importance in terms of both biological feedback effect on the global
environment and the availability and sustainability of the living resources. It
follows therefore that successful ICZM in Indonesia will depend on careful blending of scientific knowledge about the functioning of coastal ecosystem and of the
factors both natural and manmade which influence their stability and functions.
Because of the special nature and fragility of the coastal zone the policy makers,
politicians and economists are not always aware of the socio-economical complications of promoting the sustainable development of fisheries, agriculture and
forestry on the c(?astal zones in Indonesia. Integration of fisheries with other forms
of agriculture diversifies farm productivity which in turn provides opportunities
for intensified production with more efficient allocation of land, water, labour,
equipment and oth~r enterprises which operate independently. I believe that some
of the planning and guiding of the development of the coastal zones in Indonesia
along sound ecological lines are exceptionally difficult. Hence, we need to increase
and-strengthen the dialogue between Science (natural and social), management and
decision-making.
References
Anonymous (1978) Statistik Indonesia (The statistic of Indonesia) 1977- Biro Pusat Statistik Jakarta,
LXXII + P 1202
Anonymous (1979) Rencana program penclitian dan pengembangan Sumberdaya Laut dan Lingkungan
Laut di dalam Pelita III 1979-1984 (Planning program for the research and development of marine
resources and marine environment in the Third Five Years Development Plan 1979-1984). Lembaga
Oseanologi Nasional, Jakarta, p 26 (mimeo)
Sukardjo S (1990) Conservation of mangrove formation in Java. In: Baas P et al. (eds) The Plant Diversity of Malesia. Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands, pp 329-340