Table 18.2
(continued)
Ecosystem
Ecosystem
service
Reference
Country GDP Per
capita /year
2010
GINI
Index/
year
Method
Year of
study
CPI PPP country
studied 2010
US(2010)
/ha/year
Average
$3
Beach
Disturbance
prevention
Pearsons and
Powell 2001
USA
47,198.50
45(2007) HP
2004
96.72 1
$8,709
Beach
Disturbance
prevention
Pompe and
Rinehart
1995
USA
47,198.50
45(2007) HP
2004
96.72 1
$14,117
Average
$11,413
Dunes &
Shingles
protection
Jones et al. 2010 UK
36,143.94
34(2005) Avoided
costs
2010
114.5 0.65151
5272
Beach and
Dunes
Protection/
Erosion
Scottish Natural
Heritage
2000
UK
36,143.94
34(2005) Replacement
cost
2000
93.06 0.65151
19424
Average
$12,348
Dunes
Protection
MendozaGonzález
et al. 2012
MEXICO 9,123.41
46.05
(2004)
Replacement
cost
2011
103.2 7.951476
65743
Dunes
protection
Pye et al. 2007 UK
36,143.94
34(2005)
2007
104.7 0.65151
6661
Average
$36,202
Beach, Dune &
Sand plains
All
Alves et al. 2009 Portugal 21,504.81
38.5(2007) Tranfer value 2000
85.55 0.633975
$27,812
Average
$27,812
Beach
All
USA
47,198.50
45(2007) WTP
2004
96.72 1
$17,642
Average
$17,642
294
O. Pérez-Maqueo et al.