Fig. 10.9 Photographs of an area in which dense A. arenaria was removed from the Lanphere
foredune. The initial photograph shows piles of Ammophila waiting to be burned. An incipient
foredune to the east was also treated. By 1997 native plants had volunteered at low densities, and
the incipient foredune was eroding. Four years later, in 2001, native species, including the early
successional A. latifolia and Erigeron glaucus, were present with abundant open sand between
individual plants. By 2011, cover was much higher, and species composition had shifted in favor
of Poa macrantha and Lathyrus littoralis in the foredune. A new incipient dune was forming,
built by native Leymus mollis subsp. mollis
Fig. 10.10 Two photographs of the Ma-le’l Dunes, depicting the foredune (left), deflation basin
(center), and parabolic trailing ridges (right). Ammophila arenaria-dominated vegetation has
been replaced by native species. Behind the foredune, renewed sand movement allowed the
deflation basin wetland to expand
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A. J. Pickart