18.3 Conclusions
Radionuclide and HM accumulation capacity has been studied in Black sea sediments three algae phylum along the Bulgarian Black Sea coast during the period
1996–2004. The natural isotope concentrations are higher than technogenic ones
and red alga Ceramium rubrum shows the highest level of nuclide concentrations.
The status of the marine environment in all studied areas was evaluated by cluster
analysis of macroalgae data from all geographic zones. Analysis results show
logical geographic dependence of contaminant content and locations of higher
content are distinctly separated from those of clean areas.
The full scale monitoring done on the whole Bulgarian Black Sea coast resulted
in collecting information for the different equilibrium processes, taking place in the
coastal regions which govern the radioactive pollution of rivers, adjacent salt lakes,
sea sediments and water and other harmful effects of human activities but also their
behaviour in the marine ecosystems (algae, sea mussels, fish and other marine
organisms the rates of exchange and the pathways towards man). It can be pointed
out that Chlorophyta and Rhodophyta algae phyla can be used as bioindicators for
monitoring of eco-toxicological state of the Black Sea environment. A comparative
analysis of contaminants in different Bulgarian coastline regions leads to following
conclusions:
• A data base for isotope accumulation, sorption and migration of nuclides and
HM is created to help the future assessment and biosphere in whole Bulgarian
coastal zone.
• The data obtained for red and green macroalgae illustrate the level of contamination at the locations of the Black Sea Coast
• There is no strict seasonal or local dependence of hazardous element content. All
results seem to depend on biological specificity of the algae
• All data show the lack of serious pollution along the Bulgarian Black Sea coast.
• All obtained results for sediments and macroalgae in marine environmental
monitoring reduces the need of complex studies on chemical speciation of
aquatic contaminants and makes algae valuable indicators for the seawater
quality assessment.
• Modelling the transfer processes of radionuclides in environment and the different pathways of isotope migration in the marine environment to predict the
potential hazard for the population.
References
Al-Masri M, Mamish S, Budier Y (2003) Radionuclides and trace metals in eastern Mediterranean
Sea algae. J Environ Radioact 67:157–168
Babich H, Devaris M, Stotzki G (1985) Mediation of mutagenicity and clastogenicity of heavy
metals by physiochemical factors. Environ Res 37:325–331
18 Radioecology of the Black Sea
331
Radionuclide and HM accumulation capacity has been studied in Black sea sediments three algae phylum along the Bulgarian Black Sea coast during the period
1996–2004. The natural isotope concentrations are higher than technogenic ones
and red alga Ceramium rubrum shows the highest level of nuclide concentrations.
The status of the marine environment in all studied areas was evaluated by cluster
analysis of macroalgae data from all geographic zones. Analysis results show
logical geographic dependence of contaminant content and locations of higher
content are distinctly separated from those of clean areas.
The full scale monitoring done on the whole Bulgarian Black Sea coast resulted
in collecting information for the different equilibrium processes, taking place in the
coastal regions which govern the radioactive pollution of rivers, adjacent salt lakes,
sea sediments and water and other harmful effects of human activities but also their
behaviour in the marine ecosystems (algae, sea mussels, fish and other marine
organisms the rates of exchange and the pathways towards man). It can be pointed
out that Chlorophyta and Rhodophyta algae phyla can be used as bioindicators for
monitoring of eco-toxicological state of the Black Sea environment. A comparative
analysis of contaminants in different Bulgarian coastline regions leads to following
conclusions:
• A data base for isotope accumulation, sorption and migration of nuclides and
HM is created to help the future assessment and biosphere in whole Bulgarian
coastal zone.
• The data obtained for red and green macroalgae illustrate the level of contamination at the locations of the Black Sea Coast
• There is no strict seasonal or local dependence of hazardous element content. All
results seem to depend on biological specificity of the algae
• All data show the lack of serious pollution along the Bulgarian Black Sea coast.
• All obtained results for sediments and macroalgae in marine environmental
monitoring reduces the need of complex studies on chemical speciation of
aquatic contaminants and makes algae valuable indicators for the seawater
quality assessment.
• Modelling the transfer processes of radionuclides in environment and the different pathways of isotope migration in the marine environment to predict the
potential hazard for the population.
References
Al-Masri M, Mamish S, Budier Y (2003) Radionuclides and trace metals in eastern Mediterranean
Sea algae. J Environ Radioact 67:157–168
Babich H, Devaris M, Stotzki G (1985) Mediation of mutagenicity and clastogenicity of heavy
metals by physiochemical factors. Environ Res 37:325–331
18 Radioecology of the Black Sea
331