OPTION 2
Morphology and Flow in Streams
u.s. sieve no.
230
120
60
35
18
10
5
Record dry weights of sediment fractions.
Mesh opening (mm)
0.0625
0.125
0.25
0.5
1
2
4
65
c. Determine organic matter by difference in weight after combustion of a sample at 550°C
for 2h.
d. Establish a grid over the stream bed and measure the diameter of stones > 4 mm in
diameter at 100 locations on the grid.
11. Construct a histogram of dry weight according to particle size fraction.
12. Plot particle size against percentage of total sample weight in that size fraction.
13. Compare the estimated velocity range based on sediment composition (Table 5.1) with
measured values for current velocity.
14. Answer the following questions.
1. Using the data provided in Table 5.3 and Fig. 5.9, complete the laboratory portion of
Option 1 for the Bear Brook drainage area. Calculate the cross-sectional area and discharge
based on data in Fig. 5.4. Complete part 9 of Option 1 using Figs. 5.6 an 5.8.
2. Answer the following questions.
Questions
1. What difficulties exist in constructing a drainage network from a topographic map? What
are the advantages?
2. Why are oranges good floats to use for estimating surface current velocity?
3. What are the advantages of using a Pitot tube to measure current velocity?
4. How does sediment composition reflect current velocity when velocity at the sediment
boundary layer is zero?
5. What is the ecological significance of the velocity profile in streams?
6. Why are flood plains less common in mountainous regions?
7. What is the difference between suspended load and bed load?
8. How are bars formed in a stream channel?
9. How might basin characteristics be responsible for streamflow variations (see Winter, 1985)?
10. How could the water draining into a lake from nonchannelized runoff(Fig. 5.1) be measured?
11. How would you expect a storm hydrograph to appear following a long drought? Following a
rainy period?
12. What are the pitfalls of using sediment composition to estimate current velocity?
13. Why do humans live and build structures on a flood plain even though flood recurrence
intervals are so predictable?
Apparatus and Supplies
1. Two tape measures, each 30 m long.
2. Meter sticks.
3. Plane table(s) and alidade(s).
Morphology and Flow in Streams
u.s. sieve no.
230
120
60
35
18
10
5
Record dry weights of sediment fractions.
Mesh opening (mm)
0.0625
0.125
0.25
0.5
1
2
4
65
c. Determine organic matter by difference in weight after combustion of a sample at 550°C
for 2h.
d. Establish a grid over the stream bed and measure the diameter of stones > 4 mm in
diameter at 100 locations on the grid.
11. Construct a histogram of dry weight according to particle size fraction.
12. Plot particle size against percentage of total sample weight in that size fraction.
13. Compare the estimated velocity range based on sediment composition (Table 5.1) with
measured values for current velocity.
14. Answer the following questions.
1. Using the data provided in Table 5.3 and Fig. 5.9, complete the laboratory portion of
Option 1 for the Bear Brook drainage area. Calculate the cross-sectional area and discharge
based on data in Fig. 5.4. Complete part 9 of Option 1 using Figs. 5.6 an 5.8.
2. Answer the following questions.
Questions
1. What difficulties exist in constructing a drainage network from a topographic map? What
are the advantages?
2. Why are oranges good floats to use for estimating surface current velocity?
3. What are the advantages of using a Pitot tube to measure current velocity?
4. How does sediment composition reflect current velocity when velocity at the sediment
boundary layer is zero?
5. What is the ecological significance of the velocity profile in streams?
6. Why are flood plains less common in mountainous regions?
7. What is the difference between suspended load and bed load?
8. How are bars formed in a stream channel?
9. How might basin characteristics be responsible for streamflow variations (see Winter, 1985)?
10. How could the water draining into a lake from nonchannelized runoff(Fig. 5.1) be measured?
11. How would you expect a storm hydrograph to appear following a long drought? Following a
rainy period?
12. What are the pitfalls of using sediment composition to estimate current velocity?
13. Why do humans live and build structures on a flood plain even though flood recurrence
intervals are so predictable?
Apparatus and Supplies
1. Two tape measures, each 30 m long.
2. Meter sticks.
3. Plane table(s) and alidade(s).