3.6.2
3.6.3
3.6.3.1
3.6.3.2
3.6.4
3.7
4
4.1
4.2
4.2.1
4.2.2
4.2.3
4.2.3.1
4.2.3.2
4.3
4.3.1
4.3.2
4.4
Contents
XI
Technique of the Balance Experiment ...................... .
Estimations of Aquatic Animal Nutrition
with Dissolved Organic Matter ............................ .
General Remarks ....................................... .
Technique for Measurement of DOM Uptake ............... .
Radiocarbon Method of Measurement of Absolute Rates
139
143
143
146
of Respiration ........................................... 149
Concluding Remarks ..................................... 151
Use of Radioisotopic Methodology
in Aquatic Microbial Ecology .............................. 154
Introduction ............................................. 154
Estimation of Relative Microbial Activity
in Aquatic Habitats ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 156
General Remarks ........................................ 156
The Technique of Microradioautography .................... 159
A Study of the Spatial Distribution of Metabolically Active
Heterotrophic Microbial Populations ........................ 160
General Remarks ........................................ 160
Practical Implementation ................................. 165
Determination of the in situ Decomposition Rates ............ 171
General Remarks ........................................ 171
Practical Implementation ............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 174
Determination of Microbial Production ..................... 177
4.4.1 Introduction ............................................. 177
4.4.2 Application of 14C02 Dark Uptake for Estimation
of Heterotrophic and Chemoautotrophic
Microbial Production ..................................... 183
4.4.2.1 Introduction ............................................. 183
4.4.2.2 Measuring Production of Heterotrophic Bacteria ............. 186
4.4.2.3 Estimating Chemosynthetic and the Overall Bacterial Production
4.4.2.4
4.4.3
4.4.3.1
4.4.3.2
4.4.3.3
4.4.4
5
5.1
5.2
in the Redox Zones Within the Water Column ............... 194
Determination of Anoxygenic Bacterial Photosynthesis ........ 197
The Thymidine Method ................................... 199
General Considerations ................................... 199
Practical Procedure ....................................... 210
Measuring Bacterial Production in Bottom Sediments ......... 214
The Labeled P04P - Uptake Method ....................... 217
Use of Radioisotopes to Study Biogeochemical Cycling
of Elements in Aquatic Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 220
Introduction ............................................. 220
Study of Microbial Methane Oxidation Using 14C ............. 221