THE NEAR-SURFACE LAYER OF THE OCEAN
570
spilling breaker, 48, 49, 143, 197,
405, 408, See wave breaker
spirals, 286, 293, 295, 314, 346
spume, 411, 414, 416, 418, 424,
437, 438
SST. See sea surface temperature
stability functions, 15, 16
stability parameter, 15, 59, 60,
198, 361
Stefan-Boltzmann constant, 19
step-like structure, 232, 235, 251,
252
Stokes drift, 46, 101, 148, 374,
375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380,
382, 383, 498
Stommel’s overturning gate, 287,
335, 336, 337, 339, 344, 345
stress tensor, 5
subduction, 312, 327, 447, 502
surface films, 67, 69, 75, 76, 85,
86, 87, 89, 121, 483, 495, 496
surface gravity waves. See waves
surface mixed layer, 58, 62, 63,
146, 147, 206, 207, 216, 220,
266, 287, 314, 327, 433, 442,
481, See mixed layer
surface puddles, 295
surface renewal, 82, 87, 95, 105,
107, 114, 115, 121, 123, 125,
126, 128, 134, 136, 140, 385,
393, 482, 483, 485, See renewal
model
surface Richardson number, 91,
95, 96, 100, 105, 111, 112, 114,
130
surface roller. See microscale
wave breaking
surface solar irradiance, 22, 23,
24, 26, 32
surface tension, 34, 36, 43, 45, 49,
81, 87, 385
surface
wave
dispersion
relationship, 170
surface wave spectrum, 50, 51,
52, 145, 156, 173, 175, 181,
196, 197
surfactants, 85, 87, 295, 447
suspended inorganic matter, 33
suspended matter, 30, 31, 451
suspended particulate material,
452
suspended sediment, 449
suspension flow, 408, 429
swell, 51, 144, 195, 197, 270,
351, 352, 466
tangential wind stress, 82, 150,
239
Taylor’s hypothesis of frozen
turbulence, 154, 159, 168, 170,
196
Taylor-Goldstein equation, 351,
352
temperature interfaces, 329, 331
temperature-salinity relationship,
326, 327, 345
thermal diffusivity, 7, 9, 68, 387
thermal molecular sublayer, 68,
110, See cool skin
thermals, 80, 388, 390, 392, See
discrete convective elements
thermosalinograph, 73, 116, 138,
295, 320, 323, 489, 493
TKE. See Turbulent kinetic
energy
TOGA COARE. See COARE
TOGA radar, 302
towed undulating CTD, 205, 318
trace gases, 18
transilient model, 215, 278
triangular structure, 305
tropical cyclone, 286, 395, 499,
See hurricane
turbidity, 240, 500
570
spilling breaker, 48, 49, 143, 197,
405, 408, See wave breaker
spirals, 286, 293, 295, 314, 346
spume, 411, 414, 416, 418, 424,
437, 438
SST. See sea surface temperature
stability functions, 15, 16
stability parameter, 15, 59, 60,
198, 361
Stefan-Boltzmann constant, 19
step-like structure, 232, 235, 251,
252
Stokes drift, 46, 101, 148, 374,
375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380,
382, 383, 498
Stommel’s overturning gate, 287,
335, 336, 337, 339, 344, 345
stress tensor, 5
subduction, 312, 327, 447, 502
surface films, 67, 69, 75, 76, 85,
86, 87, 89, 121, 483, 495, 496
surface gravity waves. See waves
surface mixed layer, 58, 62, 63,
146, 147, 206, 207, 216, 220,
266, 287, 314, 327, 433, 442,
481, See mixed layer
surface puddles, 295
surface renewal, 82, 87, 95, 105,
107, 114, 115, 121, 123, 125,
126, 128, 134, 136, 140, 385,
393, 482, 483, 485, See renewal
model
surface Richardson number, 91,
95, 96, 100, 105, 111, 112, 114,
130
surface roller. See microscale
wave breaking
surface solar irradiance, 22, 23,
24, 26, 32
surface tension, 34, 36, 43, 45, 49,
81, 87, 385
surface
wave
dispersion
relationship, 170
surface wave spectrum, 50, 51,
52, 145, 156, 173, 175, 181,
196, 197
surfactants, 85, 87, 295, 447
suspended inorganic matter, 33
suspended matter, 30, 31, 451
suspended particulate material,
452
suspended sediment, 449
suspension flow, 408, 429
swell, 51, 144, 195, 197, 270,
351, 352, 466
tangential wind stress, 82, 150,
239
Taylor’s hypothesis of frozen
turbulence, 154, 159, 168, 170,
196
Taylor-Goldstein equation, 351,
352
temperature interfaces, 329, 331
temperature-salinity relationship,
326, 327, 345
thermal diffusivity, 7, 9, 68, 387
thermal molecular sublayer, 68,
110, See cool skin
thermals, 80, 388, 390, 392, See
discrete convective elements
thermosalinograph, 73, 116, 138,
295, 320, 323, 489, 493
TKE. See Turbulent kinetic
energy
TOGA COARE. See COARE
TOGA radar, 302
towed undulating CTD, 205, 318
trace gases, 18
transilient model, 215, 278
triangular structure, 305
tropical cyclone, 286, 395, 499,
See hurricane
turbidity, 240, 500