Surface Manifestations of Internal Waves
Induced by a Subsurface Buoyant Jet
(Experiment and Theory)
Valerii G. Bondur, Yuliya I. Troitskaya, Ekaterina V. Ezhova, Vasiliy
I. Kazakov, Alexandr A. Kandaurov, Daniil A. Sergeev
and Irina A. Soustova
Introduction
Wastewater disposal from submerged outfalls is one of the major sources of pollution in coastal waters [4, 6, 8, 9, 33]. The discharge stresses and transforms
coastal ecosystems and influences the quality of life in the coastal zone, making the
monitoring of such systems an important issue. One of the prominent methods for
the monitoring of submerged collectors is remote sensing [3, 7, 4, 6, 8, 9, 33].
Understanding dynamics of effluents in a stratified ocean is relevant for the evaluation of the efficiency of remote methods. Currently, physical mechanisms of
surface manifestations of wastewaters are not well understood. In addition to the
direct outcome of disposed wastewaters to the surface, surface deformation by
buoyant vortices or internal waves has been discussed in [5, 3, 7, 4, 6, 8, 9, 33],
while another mechanism due to the complex interaction between turbulence,
internal waves, tidal currents, and bottom topography has been proposed in [7]. The
aim of this contribution is to summarize the results of recent investigations of
vertical buoyant plumes in stratified fluids, and modeling wastewater effluents,
focusing on the generation of internal waves and their surface manifestations.
Particular attention is given to the major series of experiments performed in the
Large Thermally Stratified Tank (LTST) of the Institute of Applied Physics of the
Russian Academy of Sciences (IAP RAS), Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, in 2007–
2012 [10, 21, 39]. A safe regime of wastewater disposal should minimize the load
on the ambient coastal waters, which means that the wastewaters should be diluted
V. G. Bondur ( ✉ )
AEROCOSMOS Research Institute for Aerospace Monitoring, Moscow, Russia
e-mail: vgbondur@aerocosmos.info
Y. I. Troitskaya ⋅ E. V. Ezhova ⋅ V. I. Kazakov ⋅ A. A. Kandaurov ⋅ D. A. Sergeev
I. A. Soustova
Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhni Novgorod, Russia
e-mail: yuliya@appl.sci-nnov.ru
© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018
M. G. Velarde et al. (eds.), The Ocean in Motion, Springer Oceanography,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71934-4_8
67
Induced by a Subsurface Buoyant Jet
(Experiment and Theory)
Valerii G. Bondur, Yuliya I. Troitskaya, Ekaterina V. Ezhova, Vasiliy
I. Kazakov, Alexandr A. Kandaurov, Daniil A. Sergeev
and Irina A. Soustova
Introduction
Wastewater disposal from submerged outfalls is one of the major sources of pollution in coastal waters [4, 6, 8, 9, 33]. The discharge stresses and transforms
coastal ecosystems and influences the quality of life in the coastal zone, making the
monitoring of such systems an important issue. One of the prominent methods for
the monitoring of submerged collectors is remote sensing [3, 7, 4, 6, 8, 9, 33].
Understanding dynamics of effluents in a stratified ocean is relevant for the evaluation of the efficiency of remote methods. Currently, physical mechanisms of
surface manifestations of wastewaters are not well understood. In addition to the
direct outcome of disposed wastewaters to the surface, surface deformation by
buoyant vortices or internal waves has been discussed in [5, 3, 7, 4, 6, 8, 9, 33],
while another mechanism due to the complex interaction between turbulence,
internal waves, tidal currents, and bottom topography has been proposed in [7]. The
aim of this contribution is to summarize the results of recent investigations of
vertical buoyant plumes in stratified fluids, and modeling wastewater effluents,
focusing on the generation of internal waves and their surface manifestations.
Particular attention is given to the major series of experiments performed in the
Large Thermally Stratified Tank (LTST) of the Institute of Applied Physics of the
Russian Academy of Sciences (IAP RAS), Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, in 2007–
2012 [10, 21, 39]. A safe regime of wastewater disposal should minimize the load
on the ambient coastal waters, which means that the wastewaters should be diluted
V. G. Bondur ( ✉ )
AEROCOSMOS Research Institute for Aerospace Monitoring, Moscow, Russia
e-mail: vgbondur@aerocosmos.info
Y. I. Troitskaya ⋅ E. V. Ezhova ⋅ V. I. Kazakov ⋅ A. A. Kandaurov ⋅ D. A. Sergeev
I. A. Soustova
Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhni Novgorod, Russia
e-mail: yuliya@appl.sci-nnov.ru
© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018
M. G. Velarde et al. (eds.), The Ocean in Motion, Springer Oceanography,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71934-4_8
67