THE NEAR-SURFACE LAYER OF THE OCEAN
510
W c
fraction of sea surface covered by oceanic
whitecaps
(6.14)
6.1.5
We
Weber number
(1.63)
1.5.1
x, y, z
Cartesian coordinate system with origin at the
sea surface (x directed eastward, y directed
northward, z directed upward or downward)
1.2.1
z
depth
z c
compensation depth
4.5.1
z 0
surface roughness length scale
(3.3)
3.1.2
z 0a
surface roughness length scale from the air side
of the air-sea interface
(1.42)
1.3.2
D
Ostwald solubility coefficient (dimensionless)
(7.26)
7.5.3
D
polar angle
D T
thermal expansion coefficient of seawater
1.2.4
D i
spectrally distributed absorption coefficients
(1.62)
1.4.6
D w
proportionality coefficient for kinetic energy
flux from wind to waves
(1.128) 1.6.6
E
void fraction of entrained air
E S
coefficient of saline contraction
1.2.4
E w
e-folding scale for the temporal growth of wave
energy in the absence of nonlinear interactions
and dissipation
(1.126) 1.6.6
J
dimensional parameter in nonlinear diffusion
equation
(5.15)
5.3.6
G
solar declination angle
(1.53)
1.4.3
G Q
thickness of the viscous sublayer
2.3.1
G P
thickness of the diffusion sublayer
(2.4)
2.1.3
' e
equilibrium supersaturation
(7.22)
7.5.1
H
viscous dissipation of the turbulent kinetic
energy
1.2.4
H
viscous dissipation of the turbulent kinetic
energy in water near the sea surface
(3.61)
3.3.3
]
Stability parameter in the Monin-Oboukhov
theory
(1.41)
1.3.2
K
surface wave displacement
1.6.1
K D
internal diffusivity length scale of turbulence
(2.3)
2
K T
internal thermal length scale of turbulence
(2.2)
2
K Q
Kolmogorov’s internal length scale of
turbulence
(2.1)
2
T
zenith angle
(1.51)
1.4.3
T
wind direction
3.5.2