THE NEAR-SURFACE LAYER OF THE OCEAN
3
0
0
0
3
1
n
sh
wv
w
q
z
u
BS z z
z z
H H
H
D
N
ª
º
§
·
«
»
|
¨
¸
¨
¸
«
»
©
¹
¬
¼
.
(3.44)
where 3/(
) 0.95
q
BS |
.
Adjustment of the turbulence regime to local conditions is relatively fast
(Figure 3-14); in many cases, it is possible to use the steady-state solution
for the upper few meters of the ocean. Figure 3-15 demonstrates the
numerical steady-state solution of the CB94 model, its asymptotes and
analytical approximation (3.44). According to Figure 3-15, formula (3.44)
approximates the numerical solution very well (they are almost
indistinguishable on the plot).
In nondimensional coordinates
0 /
z z u
H HN
and
0
0
(
)/
z
z z z
formula (3.44) reduces to a compact form:
180
Figure 3-15. Steady state numerical solution of the Craig and Banner (1994) model and its
analytical approximations (3.38), (3.43), and (3.44). Note that approximation (3.44) is difficult to
distinguish in this figure because it is very close to the numerical solution. Reproduced from
Soloviev and Lukas (2003) with permission from Elsevier.