Table of Contents
List of Contributors ...................................................................................... xvii
1
Strategic Planning for Operational Oceanography .............. 1
NICHOLAS C. FLEMMING
1.1
Introduction ................................................................................ 1
1.2
Ear1y deve1opments, the comparison with meteorology ............ 2
1.3
Origins of GOOS ........................................................................ 4
1.4
Regional Operational Ocean Systems ........................................ 8
1.5
Conclusions .............................................................................. 15
2
Satellite Oceanography for Ocean Forecasting ................... 19
PIERRE-YVES LE TRAON
2.1
Overview of space oceanography ............................................ 19
2.1.1
Why do we need satellites for ocean forecasting? ................... 19
2.1.2
Space oceanography techniques ............................................... 20
2.1.3
Space oceanography missions .................................................. 22
2.2
Satellite Altimetry .................................................................... 25
2.2.1
Overview .................................................................................. 25
2.2.2
Measurement principle ............................................................. 26
2.2.3
Content of altimetric measurement .......................................... 26
2.2.4
Altimeter data processing ......................................................... 31
2.2.5
Results from TIP and ERS-l/2 ................................................. 33
2.2.6
Real-time aspects ..................................................................... 35
2.3
Prospects .................................................................................. 35
3
A Marine Information System for Ocean Predictions ........ 37
GIUSEPPE M.R. MANZELLA, AND MFS-VOS GROUP
3.1
Introduction .............................................................................. 37
3.2
Marine Information System ..................................................... 39
3.3
Requirement for monitoring .................................................... .42
3.4
Near-Real time data collection and management for Operational
Oceanography .......................................................................... 43
3.4.1
Definitions ................................................................................ 44
3.4.2
Sampling strategies .................................................................. 44
3.5
The Ship ofOpportunity Programme in the Mediterranean Sea 46