Pollen and Spores in Marine Sediments from the East Atlantic
545
Lezine A-M, HooghiemstraH (1990) Land-seacomparisons during the last glacial-interglacial transition:
pollen from west tropical Africa. Palaeogeogr
Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol79: 313-331
Lezine A-M, Vergnaud-Grazzini C (1993) Evidence of
forest extension in West-Africa since 22,000 BP: A
pollen record from eastern tropical Atlantic. Quat Sci
Rev 12: 203-210
Maley J, Brenac P (1998) Vegetation dynamics,
palaeoenvironments and climatic changes in the
forests of western Cameroon during the last 28,000
years B.P. Rev Palaeobot Palynol99: 157-187
Marret F (1994) Evolution paleoclimatique et
palehydrologique de l' Atanique est-equatoriale et
du proche continent au quaternaire terminal. Contribution palynologique (Kystes des dinoflagelles,
pollen et spores) Thesis Universite Bordeaux I,
pp 1-271
Marret F, Turon JL (1994) Paleohydrology and
paleoclimatology off Northwest Africa during the last
glacial-interglacial transition and the Holocene:
Palynological evidences. Mar Geoll 07-117
Moore PD, Webb JA, Collinson ME (1991) Pollen analysis, 2 nd edition. Blackwell, Oxford, pp 1-216
Muller J (1959) Palynology of recent Orinoco delta and
shelf sediments: reports of the Orinoco shelf experiments. Micropaleontology 5: 1-32
Muller J (1970) Palynological evidence on the early differentiation of angiosperms. Bioi Rev 45: 417-450
Nilsson S, Praglowski J (1992) Erdtman's handbook of
palynology. Munksgaard, Copenhagen, pp 1-576
O'Rourke MK (1996) Chapter 23F, Medical palynology.
In: Jansonius J, McGregor DC (eds) Palynology:
principles and applications. AASP Foundation 3,
pp945-955
Petit-Maire N (ed) (1991) Pa\eoenvironnements du Sahara Lacs holocemes a Taoudenni (Mali). CNRS,
Paris, pp 1-239
Petit-Maire N, Schulz E (1981) Data in Holocene vegetation in the Atlantic Sahara. Palaeoecol Africa 13:
199-203
Pflaumann U (1986) Sea-surface temperatures during the
last 750,000 years in the eastern equatorial Atlantic:
planktonic foraminiferal record of "Meteor" -cores
1351913521 and 16415. "Meteor"ForschErgebn C
40: 137-161
Quezel P (1965) La Vegetation du Sahara, du Tchad ida
Mauritanie. Fischer, Stuttgart, pp 1-333
Quezel P (1978) Analysis of the Flora of Mediterranean
and Saharan Africa. Ann Missouri Bot Garden 65:
479-534
Ratmeyer V, Fischer G, WeferG Lithogenic particle fluxes
and grain size distributions in the deep ocean off
NW Africa: implications for seasonal changes of
aeolian dust transport and mass fluxes. Deep-Sea
Res, in press
Reynauld-Farrera I, Maley J, Wirrmann D (1996)
Vegetation et climat dans les fortlts du Sud-Ouest
Cameroun depuis 4 770 ans BP: analyse pollinique
des sediments du Lac Ossa. CRAcad Sci Paris, t 322,
Serie II a, pp 749-755
Rizzi Longo L, Cristofolini G (1987) Airborne pollen sampling in Triest(Italy). Grana 26: 91-96
Rossignol M (1961) Analyse pollinique de sediments
marins quaternaires en Israeli. Sediments recents.
Pollen et Spores 3: 303-324
Rossignol-Strick M (1983) African monsoons. An immediate climate response to orbital insolation. Nature
304:4649
Rossignol-Strick M (1985) Mediterranean Quaternary
sapropels an immediate response of the African
monsoon to variation of insolation. Palaeogeogr
Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol49: 237-263
Rossignol-Strick M, Duzer D (1979) Late Quaternary
pollen and dinoflagellate cystes in marine cores off
West Africa. "Meteor" Forsch Ergebn C 30: 1-14
Sarnthein M, Tetzlaff G, Koopmann B, Wolter K,
Pflaumann U (1981) Glacial and interglacial wind regimes over the eastern subtropical Atlantic and
North-West Africa. Nature 293: 193-196
Schneider RR, Miiller PJ, Ruhland G (1995) Late Quaternary surface circulation in the east equatorial South
Atlantic: Evidence from alkenone sea surface temperatures. Paleoceanography 10: 197-219
Schrader H-J (1971) Fecal pellets: role in sedimentation
of pelagic diatoms. Science 174: 55-57
Shi N, Dupont LM (1997) Vegetation and climate history
ofSW Africa: a marine palynological record of the
last 300,000 years. VegetHistArchaeobot6: 117-131
Shi N, Dupont LM, Beug HJ, Schneider R (1998)
Vegetation and climate changes during the last
21,000 yr in SW Africa based on a marine pollen
record. VegetHistArchaeobot7: 127-140
Siedler G (1980) Some implications ofGA TE results for
Saharan dust transports across the Atlantic.
PalaeoecolAfrica 12: 23-30
Silver MW, Shanks AL, Trent JD (1978) Marine snow:
microplankton habitat and source of small-scale
patchiness in pelagic population. Science 201:
371-373
545
Lezine A-M, HooghiemstraH (1990) Land-seacomparisons during the last glacial-interglacial transition:
pollen from west tropical Africa. Palaeogeogr
Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol79: 313-331
Lezine A-M, Vergnaud-Grazzini C (1993) Evidence of
forest extension in West-Africa since 22,000 BP: A
pollen record from eastern tropical Atlantic. Quat Sci
Rev 12: 203-210
Maley J, Brenac P (1998) Vegetation dynamics,
palaeoenvironments and climatic changes in the
forests of western Cameroon during the last 28,000
years B.P. Rev Palaeobot Palynol99: 157-187
Marret F (1994) Evolution paleoclimatique et
palehydrologique de l' Atanique est-equatoriale et
du proche continent au quaternaire terminal. Contribution palynologique (Kystes des dinoflagelles,
pollen et spores) Thesis Universite Bordeaux I,
pp 1-271
Marret F, Turon JL (1994) Paleohydrology and
paleoclimatology off Northwest Africa during the last
glacial-interglacial transition and the Holocene:
Palynological evidences. Mar Geoll 07-117
Moore PD, Webb JA, Collinson ME (1991) Pollen analysis, 2 nd edition. Blackwell, Oxford, pp 1-216
Muller J (1959) Palynology of recent Orinoco delta and
shelf sediments: reports of the Orinoco shelf experiments. Micropaleontology 5: 1-32
Muller J (1970) Palynological evidence on the early differentiation of angiosperms. Bioi Rev 45: 417-450
Nilsson S, Praglowski J (1992) Erdtman's handbook of
palynology. Munksgaard, Copenhagen, pp 1-576
O'Rourke MK (1996) Chapter 23F, Medical palynology.
In: Jansonius J, McGregor DC (eds) Palynology:
principles and applications. AASP Foundation 3,
pp945-955
Petit-Maire N (ed) (1991) Pa\eoenvironnements du Sahara Lacs holocemes a Taoudenni (Mali). CNRS,
Paris, pp 1-239
Petit-Maire N, Schulz E (1981) Data in Holocene vegetation in the Atlantic Sahara. Palaeoecol Africa 13:
199-203
Pflaumann U (1986) Sea-surface temperatures during the
last 750,000 years in the eastern equatorial Atlantic:
planktonic foraminiferal record of "Meteor" -cores
1351913521 and 16415. "Meteor"ForschErgebn C
40: 137-161
Quezel P (1965) La Vegetation du Sahara, du Tchad ida
Mauritanie. Fischer, Stuttgart, pp 1-333
Quezel P (1978) Analysis of the Flora of Mediterranean
and Saharan Africa. Ann Missouri Bot Garden 65:
479-534
Ratmeyer V, Fischer G, WeferG Lithogenic particle fluxes
and grain size distributions in the deep ocean off
NW Africa: implications for seasonal changes of
aeolian dust transport and mass fluxes. Deep-Sea
Res, in press
Reynauld-Farrera I, Maley J, Wirrmann D (1996)
Vegetation et climat dans les fortlts du Sud-Ouest
Cameroun depuis 4 770 ans BP: analyse pollinique
des sediments du Lac Ossa. CRAcad Sci Paris, t 322,
Serie II a, pp 749-755
Rizzi Longo L, Cristofolini G (1987) Airborne pollen sampling in Triest(Italy). Grana 26: 91-96
Rossignol M (1961) Analyse pollinique de sediments
marins quaternaires en Israeli. Sediments recents.
Pollen et Spores 3: 303-324
Rossignol-Strick M (1983) African monsoons. An immediate climate response to orbital insolation. Nature
304:4649
Rossignol-Strick M (1985) Mediterranean Quaternary
sapropels an immediate response of the African
monsoon to variation of insolation. Palaeogeogr
Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol49: 237-263
Rossignol-Strick M, Duzer D (1979) Late Quaternary
pollen and dinoflagellate cystes in marine cores off
West Africa. "Meteor" Forsch Ergebn C 30: 1-14
Sarnthein M, Tetzlaff G, Koopmann B, Wolter K,
Pflaumann U (1981) Glacial and interglacial wind regimes over the eastern subtropical Atlantic and
North-West Africa. Nature 293: 193-196
Schneider RR, Miiller PJ, Ruhland G (1995) Late Quaternary surface circulation in the east equatorial South
Atlantic: Evidence from alkenone sea surface temperatures. Paleoceanography 10: 197-219
Schrader H-J (1971) Fecal pellets: role in sedimentation
of pelagic diatoms. Science 174: 55-57
Shi N, Dupont LM (1997) Vegetation and climate history
ofSW Africa: a marine palynological record of the
last 300,000 years. VegetHistArchaeobot6: 117-131
Shi N, Dupont LM, Beug HJ, Schneider R (1998)
Vegetation and climate changes during the last
21,000 yr in SW Africa based on a marine pollen
record. VegetHistArchaeobot7: 127-140
Siedler G (1980) Some implications ofGA TE results for
Saharan dust transports across the Atlantic.
PalaeoecolAfrica 12: 23-30
Silver MW, Shanks AL, Trent JD (1978) Marine snow:
microplankton habitat and source of small-scale
patchiness in pelagic population. Science 201:
371-373