486
Andersen et al.
Hollander DJ, McKenzie JA (1991) CO, control on carbon isotope fractionation during aqueous photosynthesis: a paleo-pC0 2 barometer. Geology 19:
929-932
Holmes ME, MUller PJ, Schneider RR, Segl M, Piitzold J,
Wefer G (1996) Stable nitrogen isotopes in Angola
Basin surface sediments. Mar Geol134: 1-12
Holmes ME, MUller PJ, Schneider RR, Segl M, Wefer G
(1997) Reconstruction of past nutrient utilization in
the eastern Angola Basin based on sedimentary ISN!
14N ratios. Paleoceanography 12: 604-614
Holmes ME, MUller PJ, Schneider RR, Segl M, Wefer G
(1998) Spatial variations in euphotic zone nitrate
utilization based on olsN in surface sediments. GeoMar Lett 18: 58-65
Jasper JP, Hayes JM (1990) A carbon isotope record of
CO 2 levels during the late Quaternary. Nature 347:
462-464
Jasper JP, Hayes JM (1994) Reconstruction of paleoceanic PC0 2 levels from carbon isotopic compositions of sedimentary biogenic components. In: Zahn
Ret al. (eds) Carbon Cycling in the Glacial Ocean:
Constraints on the Ocean's Role in Global Change.
NATO ASI Series 117, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg
New York, pp 323-341
Jasper JP, Hayes JM, Mix AC, PrahlFG (1994) Photosynthetic fractionation of DC and concentrations of
dissolved CO 2 in the central equatorial Pacific during the last 255,000 years. Paleoceanography 9:
781-798
Jasper JP, Hayes JM, Sikes EL (1995) Transfer of CO,
from equatorial latitudes to high latitudes during the
Late Quaternary. In: Jiihne B, Mohnahan E (eds) AirWater Gas Transfer, AEON Verlag, Heidelberg,
pp879-888
Johnston AM (1996) The effect of environmental
variables on 13C discrimination by two marine
phytoplankton. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 132: 257-263
Jouzel J, Barkov NI, Barnola lM, Bender M, Chappellaz
J, Genthon C, Kotlyakov VM, Lipenkov V, Lorius C,
Petit JR, Raynaud D, Raisbeck G, Ritz C, Sowers T,
Stievenard M, Yiou F, Yiou P (1993) Extending the
Vostok ice-core record of palaeoclimate to the penultimate glacial period. Nature 364: 407-412
Keir RS (1988) On the late Pleistocene ocean geochemistry and circulation. Paleoceanography 3:
413-445
Keir RS (1990) Reconstructing the ocean carbon
system variation during the last 150,000 years
according to the Antarctic nutrient hypothesis.
Paleoceanography 5: 253-276
Keir RS (1995) Is there a component of Pleistocene CO,
change associated with carbonate dissolution cycles? Paleoceanography 10: 871-880
Knox F, McElroy M (1984) Changes in the atmospheric
CO 2 : Influence of biota at high latitudes. J Geophys
Res 89: 4629-4637
Kroopnick PM (1985) The distribution of I3C on:co 2 in
the world oceans. Deep-Sea Res 32: 57-84
Laws EA, Popp BN, Bidigare RR, Kennicutt MC, Macko
SA (1995) Dependence of phytoplankton carbon
isotopic composition on growth rate and [C0 2 (aq)]:
Theoretical considerations and experimental results.
Geochim CosmochimActa 59: 1131-1138
Lyle M (1988) Climatically-forced organic carbon burial
in the equatorial Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Nature
335: 529-533
Lyle M, Pisias N (1990) Ocean cirulation and atmospheric
CO, changes: coupled use of models and paleoceanographic data. Paleoceanography 5: 15-41
Marlowe IT, Brassell SC, Eglinton G, Green JC (1990)
Long-chain aIken ones and alkyl alkenoates and the
fossil coccolith record of marine sediments. Chern
GeoI88:349-375
Martin J (1990) Glacial-interglacial CO 2 change: the iron
hypothesis. Paleoceanography 5: 1-13
McCabe B (1985) The dynamics of 13C in several
New Zealand lakes. PhD, Univ Waikato, Hamilton,
pp 1-278
Merritt DA, Hayes JM (1994) Factors controlling precision and accuracy in isotope-ratio-monitoring mass
spectrometry. Anal Chern 66: 2336-2347
Mix AC (1989) Influence of productivity variations on
long-term atmospheric CO 2 , Nature 337: 541-544
Mook WG, Bommerson JC, Staberman WH (1974) Carbon isotope fractionation between dissolved bicarbonate and gaseous carbon dioxide. Earth Planet Sci
Letters22: 169-176
MUller PJ, Suess E (1979) Productivity, sedimentation
rate, and sedimentary organic matter in the oceans,
I, Organic matter preservation. Deep-Sea Res 26:
1347-1362
MUller PJ, Erlenkeuser H, von Grafenstein R (1983) Glacial-interglacial changes in oceanic carbon cycles in
eastern North Atlantic sediment cores. In: Suess E,
Thiede J (eds) Coastal Upwelling, Its Sediment
Record. Plenum, New York, pp 365-398
MUller PJ, Schneider R, Ruhland G (1994) Late Quaternary PC0 2 variations in the Angola current: evidence
from organic carbon Ol3C and alkenone temperatures.
In: Zahn Ret al. (eds) Carbon Cycling in the Glacial
Ocean: Constraints on the Ocean's Role in Global
Change. NATO AS[ Series I 17, Springer, Berlin
Heidelberg New York, pp 343-366
Andersen et al.
Hollander DJ, McKenzie JA (1991) CO, control on carbon isotope fractionation during aqueous photosynthesis: a paleo-pC0 2 barometer. Geology 19:
929-932
Holmes ME, MUller PJ, Schneider RR, Segl M, Piitzold J,
Wefer G (1996) Stable nitrogen isotopes in Angola
Basin surface sediments. Mar Geol134: 1-12
Holmes ME, MUller PJ, Schneider RR, Segl M, Wefer G
(1997) Reconstruction of past nutrient utilization in
the eastern Angola Basin based on sedimentary ISN!
14N ratios. Paleoceanography 12: 604-614
Holmes ME, MUller PJ, Schneider RR, Segl M, Wefer G
(1998) Spatial variations in euphotic zone nitrate
utilization based on olsN in surface sediments. GeoMar Lett 18: 58-65
Jasper JP, Hayes JM (1990) A carbon isotope record of
CO 2 levels during the late Quaternary. Nature 347:
462-464
Jasper JP, Hayes JM (1994) Reconstruction of paleoceanic PC0 2 levels from carbon isotopic compositions of sedimentary biogenic components. In: Zahn
Ret al. (eds) Carbon Cycling in the Glacial Ocean:
Constraints on the Ocean's Role in Global Change.
NATO ASI Series 117, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg
New York, pp 323-341
Jasper JP, Hayes JM, Mix AC, PrahlFG (1994) Photosynthetic fractionation of DC and concentrations of
dissolved CO 2 in the central equatorial Pacific during the last 255,000 years. Paleoceanography 9:
781-798
Jasper JP, Hayes JM, Sikes EL (1995) Transfer of CO,
from equatorial latitudes to high latitudes during the
Late Quaternary. In: Jiihne B, Mohnahan E (eds) AirWater Gas Transfer, AEON Verlag, Heidelberg,
pp879-888
Johnston AM (1996) The effect of environmental
variables on 13C discrimination by two marine
phytoplankton. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 132: 257-263
Jouzel J, Barkov NI, Barnola lM, Bender M, Chappellaz
J, Genthon C, Kotlyakov VM, Lipenkov V, Lorius C,
Petit JR, Raynaud D, Raisbeck G, Ritz C, Sowers T,
Stievenard M, Yiou F, Yiou P (1993) Extending the
Vostok ice-core record of palaeoclimate to the penultimate glacial period. Nature 364: 407-412
Keir RS (1988) On the late Pleistocene ocean geochemistry and circulation. Paleoceanography 3:
413-445
Keir RS (1990) Reconstructing the ocean carbon
system variation during the last 150,000 years
according to the Antarctic nutrient hypothesis.
Paleoceanography 5: 253-276
Keir RS (1995) Is there a component of Pleistocene CO,
change associated with carbonate dissolution cycles? Paleoceanography 10: 871-880
Knox F, McElroy M (1984) Changes in the atmospheric
CO 2 : Influence of biota at high latitudes. J Geophys
Res 89: 4629-4637
Kroopnick PM (1985) The distribution of I3C on:co 2 in
the world oceans. Deep-Sea Res 32: 57-84
Laws EA, Popp BN, Bidigare RR, Kennicutt MC, Macko
SA (1995) Dependence of phytoplankton carbon
isotopic composition on growth rate and [C0 2 (aq)]:
Theoretical considerations and experimental results.
Geochim CosmochimActa 59: 1131-1138
Lyle M (1988) Climatically-forced organic carbon burial
in the equatorial Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Nature
335: 529-533
Lyle M, Pisias N (1990) Ocean cirulation and atmospheric
CO, changes: coupled use of models and paleoceanographic data. Paleoceanography 5: 15-41
Marlowe IT, Brassell SC, Eglinton G, Green JC (1990)
Long-chain aIken ones and alkyl alkenoates and the
fossil coccolith record of marine sediments. Chern
GeoI88:349-375
Martin J (1990) Glacial-interglacial CO 2 change: the iron
hypothesis. Paleoceanography 5: 1-13
McCabe B (1985) The dynamics of 13C in several
New Zealand lakes. PhD, Univ Waikato, Hamilton,
pp 1-278
Merritt DA, Hayes JM (1994) Factors controlling precision and accuracy in isotope-ratio-monitoring mass
spectrometry. Anal Chern 66: 2336-2347
Mix AC (1989) Influence of productivity variations on
long-term atmospheric CO 2 , Nature 337: 541-544
Mook WG, Bommerson JC, Staberman WH (1974) Carbon isotope fractionation between dissolved bicarbonate and gaseous carbon dioxide. Earth Planet Sci
Letters22: 169-176
MUller PJ, Suess E (1979) Productivity, sedimentation
rate, and sedimentary organic matter in the oceans,
I, Organic matter preservation. Deep-Sea Res 26:
1347-1362
MUller PJ, Erlenkeuser H, von Grafenstein R (1983) Glacial-interglacial changes in oceanic carbon cycles in
eastern North Atlantic sediment cores. In: Suess E,
Thiede J (eds) Coastal Upwelling, Its Sediment
Record. Plenum, New York, pp 365-398
MUller PJ, Schneider R, Ruhland G (1994) Late Quaternary PC0 2 variations in the Angola current: evidence
from organic carbon Ol3C and alkenone temperatures.
In: Zahn Ret al. (eds) Carbon Cycling in the Glacial
Ocean: Constraints on the Ocean's Role in Global
Change. NATO AS[ Series I 17, Springer, Berlin
Heidelberg New York, pp 343-366