356 Subject Index
Urey Equation 257
UsigJio's experiment 90
Vail sealevel curve, 147ff
varves (annual layers) 93, 94, 119, 166, 188,
209 ff
and bioturbation 209
climatic record 209
Cretaceous ocean 271
Vema Channel 120
Venice, sinking of 151 ff
vent communities 183
Venus (bivalve) community 181
vestimentiferan tube worms 182
also see cover photo
volcanic, sediment input 72, 74
continental margin 46
rocks 223, 320
volcanism and anoxia 274
volcanogenic muds, def. 217
volume
unit conversions 315
of oceans 316
Voring Plateau 46ff
wadden (= North Sea inter-tidal) 114, 117,
131, 132
organisms 172
also see tidal flats
Walther's Rule 128
Walvis Ridge-Rio Grande Barrier 48
Walvis Bay 118
Warm Saline Deep Water (WSDW) 121
warm-cold cycles 249
waste disposal 124, 298, 302
of radioactive w. 300, 301
risk assessment 302
water column, stability 204
wave action 97, 102, 103, 129
wave base 103
wave-cut terraces 106, 129, 130
wave erosion 135
weathering 69
Weddell Sea Bottom Water 120
West Coast, USA, continental margin 97
west-equatorial Pacific, stratigraphy 145, 179
west winds 112 ff; see also California
western boundary current 123
Wilson's hypothesis: opening and closing
Atlantic 51
winds and circulation 112
wind input of sediments 71, 73
wind distribution 112
winnowing offines 114
Wisconsin ice age 144
worms, types of 331
WSBW, see Weddell Sea Bottom Water
Wiirm (last glacial period) 143ff
see also glacial conditions and ice age
X-ray diffraction, analysis of clay minerals 82,
223
X-ray radiography, deep-sea clay 174
Xifeng, loess profiles 250
Younger Dryas 246, 247
zeolites 222
formula 318
zinc, in Red Sea deposits 297
zircon, heavy mineral 319
placer deposits 287
Zoophycos (burrow) 178
Zostera (sea-grass) 330