References
Ameryk A, Podgórska B, Witek Z (2005) Dependance between bacterial production and
environmental conditions in the Gulf of Gdańsk. Oceanologia 47(1):27–45
Azam F, Fenchel T, Field JG, Gray JS, Meyer-Reil LA, Thingstad F (1983) The ecological role of
water-column microbes in the sea. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 10:257–263
Beszczyńska-Möller A, Węsławski JM, Walczowski W, Zajączkowski M (1997) Estimation of
glacial meltwater discharge into Svalbard coastal water. Oceanologia 39(3):289–297
Björkman M, Zarsky J, Kühnel R, Hodson A, Sattler B, Psenner R (2014) Microbial cell retention
in a melting high arctic Snowpack, Svalbard. Arct Antarct Alp Res 46(2):471–482
Børsheim KY (2000) Bacterial production rates and concentrations of organic carbon at the end of
the growing season in the Greenland Sea. Aquat Microb Ecol 21:115–123
Børsheim KY, Drinkwater KF (2014) Differrent temperature adaptation in Arctic and Atlantic
heterotrophic bacteria in the Barents Sea Polar Front region. J Mar Syst 130:160–166
Cottier F, Tverberg V, Inall M, Svendsen H, Nilsen F, Griffiths F (2005) Water mass modification
in an Arctic fjord through cross-shelf exchange: the seasonal hydrography of Kongsfjorden
Svalbard. J Geophys Res 110(C12):C12005
Elbrächter M (1991) Faeces production by dinoflagellates and other small flagellates. Mar Microb
Food Webs 5:189–204
Gradinger R, Zhang Q (1997) Vertical distribution of bacteria in Arctic Sea ice from the Barents
and Laptev Sea. Polar Biol 17:448–454
He J, Zhang F, Lin L, Ma Y, Chen J (2012) Bacterioplankton and picoplankton abundance,
biomass and distribution in the Western Canada Basin during summer 2008. Deep-Sea Res II
81–84:36–45
Hop H, Pearson T, Hegseth E, Kovacs KM, Wiencke C, Kwaśniewski S, Eiane K, Mehlum F,
Gulliksen B, Włodraska-Kowalczuk M, Lydersen C, Węsławski JM, Cochrane S, Gabrielsen
GW, Leakey RJG, Lønne OJ, Zajączkowski M, Falk-Petersen S, Kendall M, Wängberg S,
Bishof K, Voronkov AY, Kovaltchouk NA, Wiktor J, Poltermann M, di Prisco G, Papucci C,
Gerland S (2002) The marine ecosystem of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard. Polar Res 21(1):167–208
Hoppe H, Gocke K, Koppe R, Begler C (2002) Bacterial growth and primary production along a
north-south transect of the Atlantic Ocean. Nature 416:168–171
Howard-Jones M, Ballard VD, Allen AE, Frischer ME, Verity PG (2002) Distribution of bacterial
biomass and activity in the marginal ice zone of the central Barents Sea during summer. J Mar
Syst 38(1–2):77–91
Howe JA, Moreton SG, Morri C, Morris P (2003) Multibeam bathymetry and the depositional
environments of Kongsfjorden and Krossfjorden, western Spitsbergen, Svalbard. Polar Res 22
(2):301–316
Iversen RK, Seuthe L (2011) Seasonal microbial processes in a high-latitude fjord (Kongsfjorden,
Svalbard): I. Heterotrophic bacteria, picoplankton and nanoflagellates. Polar Biol 34(5):731–
749
Jankowska K, Włodarska-Kowalczuk M, Wieczorek P (2005) Abundance and biomass of bacteria
in two Arctic glacial fjords. Polish Polar Res 26(1):77–84
Jiang X, He J, Cai M (2005) Abundance and biomass of heterotrophic microbes in the
Kongsfjorden, Svalbard. Acta Oceanol Sinica 24:143–152
Kowalewski W, Rudowski S, Zalewski SM (1991) Seismoacoustic studies in Hornsund,
Spitsbergen. Pol Polar Res 12:353–361
Lampert W (1978) Release of dissolved grazing zooplankton carbon by grazing zooplankton.
Limnol Oceanogr 23(4):831–834
Lara E, Arrieta JM, Garcia-Zaradona I, Boras JA, Duarte CM, Agustí S, Wassmann PF, Vaqué D
(2013) Experimental evaluation of the warming effect on viral, bacterial and protistan
communities in two contrasting Arctic systems. Aquat Microb Ecol 70:17–32
Larsson U, Hagström A (1979) Phytoplankton exudate release as an energy source for the growth
of pelagic bacteria. Mar Biol 52:199–206
124
A. Kalinowska et al.
Ameryk A, Podgórska B, Witek Z (2005) Dependance between bacterial production and
environmental conditions in the Gulf of Gdańsk. Oceanologia 47(1):27–45
Azam F, Fenchel T, Field JG, Gray JS, Meyer-Reil LA, Thingstad F (1983) The ecological role of
water-column microbes in the sea. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 10:257–263
Beszczyńska-Möller A, Węsławski JM, Walczowski W, Zajączkowski M (1997) Estimation of
glacial meltwater discharge into Svalbard coastal water. Oceanologia 39(3):289–297
Björkman M, Zarsky J, Kühnel R, Hodson A, Sattler B, Psenner R (2014) Microbial cell retention
in a melting high arctic Snowpack, Svalbard. Arct Antarct Alp Res 46(2):471–482
Børsheim KY (2000) Bacterial production rates and concentrations of organic carbon at the end of
the growing season in the Greenland Sea. Aquat Microb Ecol 21:115–123
Børsheim KY, Drinkwater KF (2014) Differrent temperature adaptation in Arctic and Atlantic
heterotrophic bacteria in the Barents Sea Polar Front region. J Mar Syst 130:160–166
Cottier F, Tverberg V, Inall M, Svendsen H, Nilsen F, Griffiths F (2005) Water mass modification
in an Arctic fjord through cross-shelf exchange: the seasonal hydrography of Kongsfjorden
Svalbard. J Geophys Res 110(C12):C12005
Elbrächter M (1991) Faeces production by dinoflagellates and other small flagellates. Mar Microb
Food Webs 5:189–204
Gradinger R, Zhang Q (1997) Vertical distribution of bacteria in Arctic Sea ice from the Barents
and Laptev Sea. Polar Biol 17:448–454
He J, Zhang F, Lin L, Ma Y, Chen J (2012) Bacterioplankton and picoplankton abundance,
biomass and distribution in the Western Canada Basin during summer 2008. Deep-Sea Res II
81–84:36–45
Hop H, Pearson T, Hegseth E, Kovacs KM, Wiencke C, Kwaśniewski S, Eiane K, Mehlum F,
Gulliksen B, Włodraska-Kowalczuk M, Lydersen C, Węsławski JM, Cochrane S, Gabrielsen
GW, Leakey RJG, Lønne OJ, Zajączkowski M, Falk-Petersen S, Kendall M, Wängberg S,
Bishof K, Voronkov AY, Kovaltchouk NA, Wiktor J, Poltermann M, di Prisco G, Papucci C,
Gerland S (2002) The marine ecosystem of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard. Polar Res 21(1):167–208
Hoppe H, Gocke K, Koppe R, Begler C (2002) Bacterial growth and primary production along a
north-south transect of the Atlantic Ocean. Nature 416:168–171
Howard-Jones M, Ballard VD, Allen AE, Frischer ME, Verity PG (2002) Distribution of bacterial
biomass and activity in the marginal ice zone of the central Barents Sea during summer. J Mar
Syst 38(1–2):77–91
Howe JA, Moreton SG, Morri C, Morris P (2003) Multibeam bathymetry and the depositional
environments of Kongsfjorden and Krossfjorden, western Spitsbergen, Svalbard. Polar Res 22
(2):301–316
Iversen RK, Seuthe L (2011) Seasonal microbial processes in a high-latitude fjord (Kongsfjorden,
Svalbard): I. Heterotrophic bacteria, picoplankton and nanoflagellates. Polar Biol 34(5):731–
749
Jankowska K, Włodarska-Kowalczuk M, Wieczorek P (2005) Abundance and biomass of bacteria
in two Arctic glacial fjords. Polish Polar Res 26(1):77–84
Jiang X, He J, Cai M (2005) Abundance and biomass of heterotrophic microbes in the
Kongsfjorden, Svalbard. Acta Oceanol Sinica 24:143–152
Kowalewski W, Rudowski S, Zalewski SM (1991) Seismoacoustic studies in Hornsund,
Spitsbergen. Pol Polar Res 12:353–361
Lampert W (1978) Release of dissolved grazing zooplankton carbon by grazing zooplankton.
Limnol Oceanogr 23(4):831–834
Lara E, Arrieta JM, Garcia-Zaradona I, Boras JA, Duarte CM, Agustí S, Wassmann PF, Vaqué D
(2013) Experimental evaluation of the warming effect on viral, bacterial and protistan
communities in two contrasting Arctic systems. Aquat Microb Ecol 70:17–32
Larsson U, Hagström A (1979) Phytoplankton exudate release as an energy source for the growth
of pelagic bacteria. Mar Biol 52:199–206
124
A. Kalinowska et al.