XIV
IV Pattern Analysis
12 Teleconnections Patterns
by ANTONIO NAVARRA
12.1 Objective Teleconnections
12.2 Singular Value Decomposition .
12.3 Teleconnections in the
Ocean-Atmosphere System
12.4 Concluding Remarks ....
13 Spatial Patterns: EOFs and CCA
by HANS VON STORCH
13.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13.2 Expansion into a Few Guess Patterns . . . . .
13.2.1 Guess Patterns, Expansion Coeflicients
and Explained Variance . . . . . . . . .
13.2.2 Example: Temperature Distribution in the Mediterranean Sea . . . . . . . . . . .
13.2.3 Specification of Guess Patterns
13.2.4 Rotation of Guess Patterns
13.3 Empirical Orthogonal Functions .. .
13.3.1 Definition of EOFs . . . . . . .
13.3.2 What EOFs Are Not Designed for .. .
13.3.3 Estimating EOFs . . . . . . . . . . . .
13.3.4 Example: Central European Temperature
13.4 Canonical Correlation Analysis . . . . . . . . . .
13.4.1 Definition of Canonical Correlation Patterns
13.4.2 CCA in EOF Coordinates . . . . . . . . .
13.4.3 Estimation: CCA of Finite Sampies .. .
13.4.4 Example: Central European Temperature
14 Patterns in Time: SSA and MSSA
by ROBERT VAUTARD
14.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14.2 Reconstruction and Approximation of Attractors
14.2.1 The Embedding Problem ... .
14.2.2 Dimension and Noise . . . . . . .
14.2.3 The Macroscopic Approximation
14.3 Singular Spectrum Analysis
14.3.1 Time EOFs . . . .
14.3.2 Space-Time EOFs
14.3.3 Oscillatory Pairs .
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