436
P. Schliissel
AVHRR
3.7 {tm
11 {tm
12 {tm
Absorber
Nadir
55°
Nadir
55°
Nadir
55°
CH4
0.43-0.78
0.68-1.20
-
-
-
-
CO2
0.02-0.04
0.04-0.06 0.13-0.50 0.20-0.78
0.04-0.15
0.06-0.22
Fll
-
-
-
-
0.00-0.12
0.00-0.19
F12
-
-
0.18-0.32 0.29-0.53
0.01-0.36
0.00-0.58
H2O
-0.03-1.78 -0.04-2.69 0.03-3.13 0.01-4.18
0.03-4.72 -0.08-5.54
HN03
-
-
0.01-0.02 0.02-0.04
0.00-0.01
0.01-0.02
N2
0.10-0.21
0.18-0.35
-
-
-
-
N20
0.34-0.54
0.52-0.81
-
-
-
-
0 3
0.01-0.02
0.02-0.05
-
0.00-0.01
0.01
0.01-0.02
Aerosol (V23) -0.04-0.16 -0.10-0.24 0.00-0.06 -0.03-0.09 -0.01-0.07 -0.09- 0.09
Aerosol (V5)
-0.14-0.74 -0.35-1.09 0.00-0.28 -0.11-0.39 -0.05-0.34 -0.37-0.42
Aerosol (SB)
0.00-0.02
0.Q2
0.00-0.01 0.01-0.02
0.01-0.02
0.01-0.02
Aerosol (SV)
0.71-1.03
1.21-1.75 0.42-0.71 0.71-1.20
0.59-1.00
0.98-1.68
ATSR
3.7 {tm
11 {tm
12 {tm
Absorber
Nadir i ' 55°
Nadir I 55°
Nadir I 55°
CH4
0.43-0.81
0.68-1.24
-
-
-
-
CO2
0.02-0.04
0.04-0.06 0.09-0.38 0.15-0.60
0.05-0.16
0.07-0.25
H2O
-0.03-1.76 -0.06-2.63 0.03-3.26 0.01-4.35 -0.04-4.86
0.09-5.67
HN03
-
-
0.02-0.04 0.03-0.07
0.00-0.01
0.01-0.02
Fll
-
-
-
-
0.00-0.12
0.00-0.19
F12
-
-
0.22-0.39 0.36-0.66
0.00-0.36
0.00-0.60
N2
0.12-0.26
0.20-0.43
-
-
-
-
N20
0.33-0.52
0.49-0.77
-
0.00-0.01
-
-
0 3
0.01-0.03
0.02-0.05
-
0.00-0.01
0.00-0.02
0.02-0.03
Aerosol (V23) -0.04-0.16 -0.11-0.24 0.00-0.06 -0.03-0.09 -0.01-0.05 -0.05- 0.06
Aerosol (V5) -0.16-0.73 -0.38-1.08 0.00-0.29 -0.12-0.41 -0.03-0.22 -0.21-0.27
Aerosol (SB)
0.01-0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01-0.02
0.01-0.02
0.01-0.02
Aerosol (SV)
0.70-1.03
1.21-1.75 0.44-0.74 0.74-1.25
0.59-1.00
0.98-1.68
V23 marine tropospheric aerosol, 23 km visibility
V5
marine tropospheric aerosol, 5 km visibility
SB
stratospheric background aerosol
SV volcanic aerosol shortly after outbreak
Table 16.3: Brightness temperature deficits in the thermal channels of ATSR (NOAA-11) and
ATSR (ERS-l)
inversions occur in the planetary boundary layer or where deep water-vapour layers extend over
the lower troposphere (Schliissel et aI., 1987).
Besides the split-window channels further spectral measurements that can be used for the remote sensing of sea surface temperature are available in the atmospheric window at 3.7 {tm. For
high water-vapour contents this window is far more transparent than the 8 to 13 {tm window
P. Schliissel
AVHRR
3.7 {tm
11 {tm
12 {tm
Absorber
Nadir
55°
Nadir
55°
Nadir
55°
CH4
0.43-0.78
0.68-1.20
-
-
-
-
CO2
0.02-0.04
0.04-0.06 0.13-0.50 0.20-0.78
0.04-0.15
0.06-0.22
Fll
-
-
-
-
0.00-0.12
0.00-0.19
F12
-
-
0.18-0.32 0.29-0.53
0.01-0.36
0.00-0.58
H2O
-0.03-1.78 -0.04-2.69 0.03-3.13 0.01-4.18
0.03-4.72 -0.08-5.54
HN03
-
-
0.01-0.02 0.02-0.04
0.00-0.01
0.01-0.02
N2
0.10-0.21
0.18-0.35
-
-
-
-
N20
0.34-0.54
0.52-0.81
-
-
-
-
0 3
0.01-0.02
0.02-0.05
-
0.00-0.01
0.01
0.01-0.02
Aerosol (V23) -0.04-0.16 -0.10-0.24 0.00-0.06 -0.03-0.09 -0.01-0.07 -0.09- 0.09
Aerosol (V5)
-0.14-0.74 -0.35-1.09 0.00-0.28 -0.11-0.39 -0.05-0.34 -0.37-0.42
Aerosol (SB)
0.00-0.02
0.Q2
0.00-0.01 0.01-0.02
0.01-0.02
0.01-0.02
Aerosol (SV)
0.71-1.03
1.21-1.75 0.42-0.71 0.71-1.20
0.59-1.00
0.98-1.68
ATSR
3.7 {tm
11 {tm
12 {tm
Absorber
Nadir i ' 55°
Nadir I 55°
Nadir I 55°
CH4
0.43-0.81
0.68-1.24
-
-
-
-
CO2
0.02-0.04
0.04-0.06 0.09-0.38 0.15-0.60
0.05-0.16
0.07-0.25
H2O
-0.03-1.76 -0.06-2.63 0.03-3.26 0.01-4.35 -0.04-4.86
0.09-5.67
HN03
-
-
0.02-0.04 0.03-0.07
0.00-0.01
0.01-0.02
Fll
-
-
-
-
0.00-0.12
0.00-0.19
F12
-
-
0.22-0.39 0.36-0.66
0.00-0.36
0.00-0.60
N2
0.12-0.26
0.20-0.43
-
-
-
-
N20
0.33-0.52
0.49-0.77
-
0.00-0.01
-
-
0 3
0.01-0.03
0.02-0.05
-
0.00-0.01
0.00-0.02
0.02-0.03
Aerosol (V23) -0.04-0.16 -0.11-0.24 0.00-0.06 -0.03-0.09 -0.01-0.05 -0.05- 0.06
Aerosol (V5) -0.16-0.73 -0.38-1.08 0.00-0.29 -0.12-0.41 -0.03-0.22 -0.21-0.27
Aerosol (SB)
0.01-0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01-0.02
0.01-0.02
0.01-0.02
Aerosol (SV)
0.70-1.03
1.21-1.75 0.44-0.74 0.74-1.25
0.59-1.00
0.98-1.68
V23 marine tropospheric aerosol, 23 km visibility
V5
marine tropospheric aerosol, 5 km visibility
SB
stratospheric background aerosol
SV volcanic aerosol shortly after outbreak
Table 16.3: Brightness temperature deficits in the thermal channels of ATSR (NOAA-11) and
ATSR (ERS-l)
inversions occur in the planetary boundary layer or where deep water-vapour layers extend over
the lower troposphere (Schliissel et aI., 1987).
Besides the split-window channels further spectral measurements that can be used for the remote sensing of sea surface temperature are available in the atmospheric window at 3.7 {tm. For
high water-vapour contents this window is far more transparent than the 8 to 13 {tm window