320
Technique Magnitude of Errors (%)
(Balakrishnan et a!., 1989)
Condition (mm hr 1)
(Chandrasekar et a!., 1990)
Z
30-35
ZDR
20-25
KDP
10- 15
< 20
20 - 70
> 70
Table 12.6: Error Estimates and Optimum Rainfall Conditions.
Radar
Frequency
Wavelength
Nominal
Band
UHF
300-1000 MHz
1-0.3m
70 em
L
1000-2000 MHz
0.3-0.15 m
20 em
*
S
2000-4000 MHz
15-7.5 em
10 em
*
C
4000-8000MHz
7.5-3.75 em 5em
*
X
8000-12500 MHz 3.75-2.4 em 3em
K"
12.5-18 GHz
2.4-1.66 em 1.5 em
K
18-26.5 GHz
1.66-1.13 em 1.25 em
Ka
26.5-40 GHz
1.13-0.75 em 0.86 em
Table 12.7: Radar frequency bands.
Symbol Parameter
Units
Ze
equivalent or effective radar mm 6 m 3 or
reflectance
dBZ
v,.
Mean Radial Velocity
m S-1
(Tv
spectrum width
m S-1
ZDR
differential reflectance
dB
CDR
circular depolarization ratio
LDR
linear depolarization ratio
K DP
propagation phase
degree / km
p
correlation
Table 12.8: Meteorological radar parameters and units.
P. Joe