94
P. Courtier
Cloud track winds
Wind vectors are derived from cloud displacement as can be observed from the imager of a
geostationary satellite. Schmetz et a1. (1993) describe their production from Meteosat while
Kelly (1993) assesses their impact in numerical weather prediction.
TOVS soundings
Temperature and humidity information is measured by the infrared and microwave radiometers
on board the NOAA polar orbiting satellites. The problems specific to these data are discussed
by Eyre (1993) and their impact in numerical weather prediction is presented by McNally et
al. (1993) and in the variational context by Andersson et al. (1994).
Acknowledgment
This lecture was also presented at the 1993 ECMWF seminar. Carole typed the manuscript
with care, patience and a great magnifier.
4.6 References
Andersson E, Pailleux J, Thepaut J-N, Eyre JR, McNally AP, Kelly GA, Courtier
P (1994) Use of cloud cleared radiances in three/four-dimensional variational data assimilation.
Q J R Meteorol Soc 120: 627-654
Boer GJ (1983) Homogeneous and isotropic turbulence on the sphere. J Atmos Sci 40: 154163
Cohn SE, Parrish DF (1991) The behaviour of forecast error covariances for a Kalman filter
in two dimensions. Mon Wea Rev 129: 1757-1785
Cohn SE (1992) Short-term dynamics of forecast error covariances. Proceedings of the
ECMWF -workshop on "variational assimilation -with special emphasis on three-dimensional
aspects", 9-12 November 1992, Reading, UK, pp 157-170
Courtier P, Thepaut J-N, Hollingsworth A (1993) A strategy for operational implementation of 4D- Var using an incremental approach. Q J R Meteorol Soc, submitted
Daley R (1991) Atmospheric data analysis. Cambridge atmospheric and space science series.
Cambridge University Press
Dee DP (1991) Simplification of the Kalman filter for meteorological data assimilation. Q J
Meteorol Soc 117: 365-384
Derber JC (1989) A variational continuous assimilation technique. Mon Wea Rev 117: 24372446
Durand Y (1985) The use of satellite data in the French high resolution analysis. Proceedings
of the 1985 ECMWF workshop on high resolution analysis, 24-26 June 1985. pp 89-128
Eyre JR (1993) Assimilation of TOVS data: problems and possibilities. Proceedings of the
1993 ECMWF seminar on "Developments in the use of satellite data in numerical weather
prediction", 6-10 September 1993, pp 287-302
Gandin LS (1963) Objective analysis of meteorological fields translated from Russian by the
Israeli Programme for Scientific Translations, 1965
Ghil M, Cohn S, Tavantzis J, Bube K, Isaacson E (1981) Application of estimation
theory to numerical weather prediction. Dynamic meteorology: data assimilation methods, L
Bengtsson, M Ghil and E Kallen, eds, Springer Verlag, 330 pp.
P. Courtier
Cloud track winds
Wind vectors are derived from cloud displacement as can be observed from the imager of a
geostationary satellite. Schmetz et a1. (1993) describe their production from Meteosat while
Kelly (1993) assesses their impact in numerical weather prediction.
TOVS soundings
Temperature and humidity information is measured by the infrared and microwave radiometers
on board the NOAA polar orbiting satellites. The problems specific to these data are discussed
by Eyre (1993) and their impact in numerical weather prediction is presented by McNally et
al. (1993) and in the variational context by Andersson et al. (1994).
Acknowledgment
This lecture was also presented at the 1993 ECMWF seminar. Carole typed the manuscript
with care, patience and a great magnifier.
4.6 References
Andersson E, Pailleux J, Thepaut J-N, Eyre JR, McNally AP, Kelly GA, Courtier
P (1994) Use of cloud cleared radiances in three/four-dimensional variational data assimilation.
Q J R Meteorol Soc 120: 627-654
Boer GJ (1983) Homogeneous and isotropic turbulence on the sphere. J Atmos Sci 40: 154163
Cohn SE, Parrish DF (1991) The behaviour of forecast error covariances for a Kalman filter
in two dimensions. Mon Wea Rev 129: 1757-1785
Cohn SE (1992) Short-term dynamics of forecast error covariances. Proceedings of the
ECMWF -workshop on "variational assimilation -with special emphasis on three-dimensional
aspects", 9-12 November 1992, Reading, UK, pp 157-170
Courtier P, Thepaut J-N, Hollingsworth A (1993) A strategy for operational implementation of 4D- Var using an incremental approach. Q J R Meteorol Soc, submitted
Daley R (1991) Atmospheric data analysis. Cambridge atmospheric and space science series.
Cambridge University Press
Dee DP (1991) Simplification of the Kalman filter for meteorological data assimilation. Q J
Meteorol Soc 117: 365-384
Derber JC (1989) A variational continuous assimilation technique. Mon Wea Rev 117: 24372446
Durand Y (1985) The use of satellite data in the French high resolution analysis. Proceedings
of the 1985 ECMWF workshop on high resolution analysis, 24-26 June 1985. pp 89-128
Eyre JR (1993) Assimilation of TOVS data: problems and possibilities. Proceedings of the
1993 ECMWF seminar on "Developments in the use of satellite data in numerical weather
prediction", 6-10 September 1993, pp 287-302
Gandin LS (1963) Objective analysis of meteorological fields translated from Russian by the
Israeli Programme for Scientific Translations, 1965
Ghil M, Cohn S, Tavantzis J, Bube K, Isaacson E (1981) Application of estimation
theory to numerical weather prediction. Dynamic meteorology: data assimilation methods, L
Bengtsson, M Ghil and E Kallen, eds, Springer Verlag, 330 pp.