may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying
any or all such patent rights. On these lines, ISO 3518 was prepared by Technical
Committee ISO/TC 54 for Essential oils. This second edition cancels and replaces
the first edition (ISO 3518:1979) and also ISO 7610:1985, which have been
technically revised. Similarly, to safeguard the quality of oil, The European
Commission database with information on cosmetic substances and ingredients,
lists several types of sandalwood and their derivates under their INCI names.
INCI name: S. album wood oil—masking and perfuming properties
INCI name: S. austrocaledonicum wood oil—masking, perfuming and flavouring
properties.
ISO 3518:2002 [oil of sandalwood (S. album L.)] and ISO 22769:2009 [Australian
Sandalwood Santalum spicatum (R.Br.) A.DC.], are the latest edition of
International Standards which specifies certain characteristics of the oil of sandalwood with a view to facilitate the assessment of its quality. Quality standards
prescribed by the ISO for S. album and S. spicatum are as mentioned below.
8 Quality Standards
(a) East Indian Sandalwood oil (ISO 3518:2002; NF T 75-339)
Aspect: limpid liquid, somewhat viscous
Colour: almost clear to yellow
Odour: heavy, sweet and very lasting odour
Physical characteristics:
Density: 0.968–0.983 @ 20 °C
Refractive index @ 20 °C: 1.503–1.508
Optical rotation @ 20 °C: −15° to −21°
Solubility in 70 % ethanol (v/v) @ 20 °C: less than 5 volumes of 70 %
ethanol for 1 volume of oil
Chemical characteristics:
Ester number: max 10
Total alcohol content, calculated as santalol: 90 % minimum
(b) Australian Sandalwood oil (NF T 75-248)
Aspect: limpid liquid, somewhat viscous
Colour: colourless to light yellow
Odour: strong lasting characteristic odour of the wood
Physical characteristics:
Density: 0.968–0.978 @ 20 °C
Refractive index @ 20 °C: 1.504–1.510
Optical rotation @ 20 °C: −8° to −3°
Analysis of Policies in Sustaining Sandalwood Resources in India
335
any or all such patent rights. On these lines, ISO 3518 was prepared by Technical
Committee ISO/TC 54 for Essential oils. This second edition cancels and replaces
the first edition (ISO 3518:1979) and also ISO 7610:1985, which have been
technically revised. Similarly, to safeguard the quality of oil, The European
Commission database with information on cosmetic substances and ingredients,
lists several types of sandalwood and their derivates under their INCI names.
INCI name: S. album wood oil—masking and perfuming properties
INCI name: S. austrocaledonicum wood oil—masking, perfuming and flavouring
properties.
ISO 3518:2002 [oil of sandalwood (S. album L.)] and ISO 22769:2009 [Australian
Sandalwood Santalum spicatum (R.Br.) A.DC.], are the latest edition of
International Standards which specifies certain characteristics of the oil of sandalwood with a view to facilitate the assessment of its quality. Quality standards
prescribed by the ISO for S. album and S. spicatum are as mentioned below.
8 Quality Standards
(a) East Indian Sandalwood oil (ISO 3518:2002; NF T 75-339)
Aspect: limpid liquid, somewhat viscous
Colour: almost clear to yellow
Odour: heavy, sweet and very lasting odour
Physical characteristics:
Density: 0.968–0.983 @ 20 °C
Refractive index @ 20 °C: 1.503–1.508
Optical rotation @ 20 °C: −15° to −21°
Solubility in 70 % ethanol (v/v) @ 20 °C: less than 5 volumes of 70 %
ethanol for 1 volume of oil
Chemical characteristics:
Ester number: max 10
Total alcohol content, calculated as santalol: 90 % minimum
(b) Australian Sandalwood oil (NF T 75-248)
Aspect: limpid liquid, somewhat viscous
Colour: colourless to light yellow
Odour: strong lasting characteristic odour of the wood
Physical characteristics:
Density: 0.968–0.978 @ 20 °C
Refractive index @ 20 °C: 1.504–1.510
Optical rotation @ 20 °C: −8° to −3°
Analysis of Policies in Sustaining Sandalwood Resources in India
335