production sectors are mainly due to energy consumption and also due to production process.
1 But the energy-based emission is most in the environment.
Therefore, we have to estimate only the energy-based emission for the 36 production sectors of the Indian economy for the year 2006–07.
Now the energy-based emission coefficients for CO 2 , N 2 O, CH 4 , CO, SO 2 and NO x
are available from the guideline of Inter government panel for climate change (IPCC)
of the year 2006 and the same for SPM is obtained from the London Atmospheric
Emissions Inventory (LAEI) report of the year 2003. On the other hand, the emission
coefficients obtained from IPCC (2006) are different for different sectors but the
emission coefficient obtained from LAEI (2003) is uniform for every sector.
On the other hand the emission coefficients as given in IPCC (2006) and LAEI
(2003) provide the emission per unit of energy consumption and this energy consumption is expressed in terms of physical unit, i.e. in terajoule. So to estimate the
sector-wise energy-based emission for India for the year 2006–07 the energy consumption data in physical unit is necessary. Though the SAM constructed for the year
2006–07 provides the sector-wise energy consumption data for the year 2006–07, it
gives energy consumption only in money terms not in physical unit. Therefore, we
have obtained the energy consumption data as available from the Central statistical
Organisation (CSO) of India for the year 2006–07. But the data available from CSO
gives the energy consumption in terms of tons and so we have to convert these data into
terms of terajoule. Here to convert this energy consumption data from tons into terajoule, we have used the conversion factor given by IPCC (2006). Now the sector-wise
energy consumption data obtained in this way is multiplied with the emission coefficients given in IPCC (2006) and the LAEI (2003) to obtain the sector-wise emission
of the substances for India for the year 2006–07. Hence, in this way we have obtained
the column of the air pollutants account for our ESAM of the year 2006–07.
After estimating the column of the substances account, our next task would be to
construct the row of this air pollutants account for our ESAM of the year 2006–07.
But to construct the row of this substances account we have to estimate the
sector-specific absorption or abatement of each substance for the year 2006–07. It is
also important to note here that the existing SAM does not take into account the
abatement of pollutant as it focused on GHG emissions and data for abatement is
not available in India for GHG abatements. However, in the following section we
have made an attempt to estimate abatement for local pollutants which are taken
into account for this ESAM.
2.2 Estimation of Abatement or Absorption
In India there is a pollution control board which controls the emission level of the
production sectors. As a controlling measure this pollution control board imposes a
1
IPCC (2006).
The Conflict Between Economy and Environment …
207
1 But the energy-based emission is most in the environment.
Therefore, we have to estimate only the energy-based emission for the 36 production sectors of the Indian economy for the year 2006–07.
Now the energy-based emission coefficients for CO 2 , N 2 O, CH 4 , CO, SO 2 and NO x
are available from the guideline of Inter government panel for climate change (IPCC)
of the year 2006 and the same for SPM is obtained from the London Atmospheric
Emissions Inventory (LAEI) report of the year 2003. On the other hand, the emission
coefficients obtained from IPCC (2006) are different for different sectors but the
emission coefficient obtained from LAEI (2003) is uniform for every sector.
On the other hand the emission coefficients as given in IPCC (2006) and LAEI
(2003) provide the emission per unit of energy consumption and this energy consumption is expressed in terms of physical unit, i.e. in terajoule. So to estimate the
sector-wise energy-based emission for India for the year 2006–07 the energy consumption data in physical unit is necessary. Though the SAM constructed for the year
2006–07 provides the sector-wise energy consumption data for the year 2006–07, it
gives energy consumption only in money terms not in physical unit. Therefore, we
have obtained the energy consumption data as available from the Central statistical
Organisation (CSO) of India for the year 2006–07. But the data available from CSO
gives the energy consumption in terms of tons and so we have to convert these data into
terms of terajoule. Here to convert this energy consumption data from tons into terajoule, we have used the conversion factor given by IPCC (2006). Now the sector-wise
energy consumption data obtained in this way is multiplied with the emission coefficients given in IPCC (2006) and the LAEI (2003) to obtain the sector-wise emission
of the substances for India for the year 2006–07. Hence, in this way we have obtained
the column of the air pollutants account for our ESAM of the year 2006–07.
After estimating the column of the substances account, our next task would be to
construct the row of this air pollutants account for our ESAM of the year 2006–07.
But to construct the row of this substances account we have to estimate the
sector-specific absorption or abatement of each substance for the year 2006–07. It is
also important to note here that the existing SAM does not take into account the
abatement of pollutant as it focused on GHG emissions and data for abatement is
not available in India for GHG abatements. However, in the following section we
have made an attempt to estimate abatement for local pollutants which are taken
into account for this ESAM.
2.2 Estimation of Abatement or Absorption
In India there is a pollution control board which controls the emission level of the
production sectors. As a controlling measure this pollution control board imposes a
1
IPCC (2006).
The Conflict Between Economy and Environment …
207