9 Discussion and Drivers of Vulnerability
Karnataka state is one of the fastest growing economies in India. Agriculture in
Karnataka is predominantly rainfed. In the present study, two vulnerability indices
were developed at the district level of Karnataka state, i.e. agricultural vulnerability
index and socio-economic vulnerability index, considering all the 30 districts of
Karnataka for the analysis.
In order to derive these indices, a PCA was run on a data set of 10 carefully
selected indicator variables to represent socio-economic vulnerability and 7 indicators for agricultural vulnerability across the districts of Karnataka. The PCA
generated three components for each index that broadly represented the underlying
themes of agriculture and socio-economic vulnerability present in the larger data
set. The findings suggest
• Agricultural vulnerability
– Kolar, Ramanagara, Chikkaballapura and Bangalore (R) are the most agriculturally vulnerable districts of Karnataka.
– Belgaum, Haveri and Gadag are the least agriculturally vulnerable districts.
• Socio-economic and livelihood vulnerability
– Yadgiri, Chitradurg, Raichur, Chamrajnagar and Chikkaballapura districts
are the most vulnerable among all districts of Karnataka.
– Bangalore (U), Dakshin Kannada, Udupi, Dharwad and Uttara Kannada are
the least vulnerable districts of Karnataka.
The result of agricultural vulnerability index suggests indicators like cropping
intensity, gross area irrigated and commercial crop area are the major drivers in
Table 9 Rotated component matrix (a)
Socio-economic indicator
Component
1
2
3
Density of population
0.825
0.040
0.076
% SC and ST population
0.467
0.529
0.404
Total literacy rate (%)
0.628
0.558
0.001
% of marginal land holders
0.172
0.802
0.229
% of non-workers
0.329
0.224
0.739
Livestock units per lakh population
0.850
0.105
0.107
(3 years average) per capita income
0.875
0.202
0.112
Cropping intensity
0.142
0.302
0.668
% gross irrigated area to total cropped area (3 years average)
0.382
0.272
0.563
Total fruit crops area
0.034
0.728
0.110
188
K.V. Raju et al.
Karnataka state is one of the fastest growing economies in India. Agriculture in
Karnataka is predominantly rainfed. In the present study, two vulnerability indices
were developed at the district level of Karnataka state, i.e. agricultural vulnerability
index and socio-economic vulnerability index, considering all the 30 districts of
Karnataka for the analysis.
In order to derive these indices, a PCA was run on a data set of 10 carefully
selected indicator variables to represent socio-economic vulnerability and 7 indicators for agricultural vulnerability across the districts of Karnataka. The PCA
generated three components for each index that broadly represented the underlying
themes of agriculture and socio-economic vulnerability present in the larger data
set. The findings suggest
• Agricultural vulnerability
– Kolar, Ramanagara, Chikkaballapura and Bangalore (R) are the most agriculturally vulnerable districts of Karnataka.
– Belgaum, Haveri and Gadag are the least agriculturally vulnerable districts.
• Socio-economic and livelihood vulnerability
– Yadgiri, Chitradurg, Raichur, Chamrajnagar and Chikkaballapura districts
are the most vulnerable among all districts of Karnataka.
– Bangalore (U), Dakshin Kannada, Udupi, Dharwad and Uttara Kannada are
the least vulnerable districts of Karnataka.
The result of agricultural vulnerability index suggests indicators like cropping
intensity, gross area irrigated and commercial crop area are the major drivers in
Table 9 Rotated component matrix (a)
Socio-economic indicator
Component
1
2
3
Density of population
0.825
0.040
0.076
% SC and ST population
0.467
0.529
0.404
Total literacy rate (%)
0.628
0.558
0.001
% of marginal land holders
0.172
0.802
0.229
% of non-workers
0.329
0.224
0.739
Livestock units per lakh population
0.850
0.105
0.107
(3 years average) per capita income
0.875
0.202
0.112
Cropping intensity
0.142
0.302
0.668
% gross irrigated area to total cropped area (3 years average)
0.382
0.272
0.563
Total fruit crops area
0.034
0.728
0.110
188
K.V. Raju et al.