336
Eq. lOON
75°N POLE
Figure 1: Vertical cross-section of tbe model. See text for definitions.
2
Model formulation
2.1
Basic equations
The model consists of two ocean boxes and two atmospheric boxes. The
ocean boxes are well mixed and have depth D; box 1 represents the highlatitude ocean and box 2 the low-latitude ocean (Fig. 1). Hl and H2 are
ocean heat gain through the surface, and HOl and H02 are atmospheric
energy gain at the top. Hd is the meridional energy transport in the atmosphere. E is net evaporation at low latitudes, and net precipitation at
high latitudes, and Fw is the meridional atmospheric moisture transport .
The conservation equations for the ocean are (ef, Stommel, 1961; Marotzke,
1990)
Hl + Iql(T2 - Tl ),
H2 - Iql(T2 - Tl ),
Hs + Iql(S2 - Sd,
Hs -lql(S2 - Sd,
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
The flow strength, q, is related to the meridional density gradient by a
linear law,
Eq. lOON
75°N POLE
Figure 1: Vertical cross-section of tbe model. See text for definitions.
2
Model formulation
2.1
Basic equations
The model consists of two ocean boxes and two atmospheric boxes. The
ocean boxes are well mixed and have depth D; box 1 represents the highlatitude ocean and box 2 the low-latitude ocean (Fig. 1). Hl and H2 are
ocean heat gain through the surface, and HOl and H02 are atmospheric
energy gain at the top. Hd is the meridional energy transport in the atmosphere. E is net evaporation at low latitudes, and net precipitation at
high latitudes, and Fw is the meridional atmospheric moisture transport .
The conservation equations for the ocean are (ef, Stommel, 1961; Marotzke,
1990)
Hl + Iql(T2 - Tl ),
H2 - Iql(T2 - Tl ),
Hs + Iql(S2 - Sd,
Hs -lql(S2 - Sd,
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
The flow strength, q, is related to the meridional density gradient by a
linear law,