3.2 Nitriles, Isocyanides, and Similar Compounds
119
o
II
H3C- C
\ CH2CH2Ph
Acetic acid, esters,
2-phenylethyl ester
o
1I/ 0Me
HO-CH2CH2-O-P"
OMe
Phosphoric acid, esters,
2-hydroxyethyl dimethyl ester
Me_+o_(h),
Ethane-l,l,l-triol, esters,
tribenzoate
3.2
OH
HN-6-~ o-i?
2
\
-
CH 3
4-Aminobenzene-I,4diol, I-acetate
o 0
~ //
1
HO~ S, /'-... /'-... 2 /'-... ..... S03H
8
7 0
0
0
0
2,4,6-Trioxa-7 -thiaoctane-l ,S-diol,
mono(hydrogensulfate) 7,7-dioxide
H 2 C-CH-CH2
~\ I I/?I /?
c-o o-c o-c
1 \ \
R
R
R
Octadecanoic acid, esters,
propane-I,2,3-triyl ester
Nitriles, Isocyanides, and Similar Compounds
Like carboxylic acids, nitriles can be named substitutively by two methods,
with or without inclusion of the C atom of the functional group in the parentname.
-t
~ s, 2
C6H13-CN Heptanenitrile, NC
I~
6H-I,2,4-Thiadiazine0...?:--....
3,6-dicarbonitrile
N 3 CN
4
Nitriles derived from trivially named carboxylic acids traditionally have
the ending ... onitrile: acetonitrile, propiononitrile, butyronitrile, etc.
Moreover, radicofunctional nomenclature is (still) also customary here,
leading to names of the type •.. yl cyanides.
H3C-CH2CHr CN
Propyl cyanide,
5-Azido-2-naphthoyl
cyanide
CA: a-Oxo-5-azidonaphthai ene-2-acetoni trile