CHAPTER 1 • The Carbonate System in Marine Environments
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Appendix - Thermodynamic Equations for the Carbonic Acid System
in SeaWater
Solubility of CO 2 (Weiss 1974)
In Ko = -60.2409 + 93.4517(100 / n + 23.3585 In(T /100)
+ S[ 0.023517 - 0.023656 (T /100) + 0.0047036 (T /100)2]
Carbonic Acid (Millero 1995)
In K; = In K, + A S°.5 + B S + C Sl.s + D S2 + In(1 - 0.001005 S)
In K, = 290.9097 - 14554.21/ T - 45.0575 In T
A, = -228.39774 + 9714.36839/ T + 34.485796 In T
B,
= 54.20871 - 2310.48919 / T - 8.19516 In T
C,
= -3.969101 + 170.22169/ T + 0.603627 In T
D, = -0.00258768
In K; = In K2 + A SO.S + B S + C Sl.s + D S2 + In(1 - 0.001005 S)
In K2 = 207.6548 - 11843-79 / T - 33.6485 In T
A2 = -167.69908 + 6551.35253/ T + 25.928788 In T
B2 = 39.75854 - 1566.13883/ T - 6.171951 In T
C2 = -2.892532 + 116.270079/ T + 0-45788501 In T
D2 = -0.00613142
Boric Acid (Dickson 1990b)
In K~B = In KHB + A SO.S + B S + C Sl.s + D S2 + In(1 - 0.001005 S)
In KHB =148.0248 - 8966.90/ T - 24.4344 In T
AHB = 137.194 - 2890·51/ T + 25.085 In T + 0.053105 T
BHB
= 1.62247 - 77-942/ T - 0.2474 In T
CHB = 1.726/ T
DHB = -0.0993 / T
Water (Millero 1995)
In K'w= In Kw+ A SO.S + B S
In Kw = 148.9802 - 13847.26/ T - 23.6521 In T
A
= -5.977 + 118.67/ T + 1.0495 In T
B
= -1.615 X 10- 2
(A.l)
(A.2)
(A·3)
(A.5)