294
M. Pettine
Eary LE, Rai D (1987) Kinetics of chromium{III) oxidation to chromium{VI) by reaction with manganese dioxide. Envir Sci Technol 21:1187-1193
Eary LE, Rai D (1988) Chromate removal from aqueous wastes by reduction with ferrous ion. Environ
Sci Technol 22:972-977
Eckert JM, Stewart JJ, Waite TD, Szymczak R, Williams KL (1990) Reduction of chromium{VI) at subIlg 1-1 levels by fulvic acid. Anal Chim Acta 236:357-362
Elderfield H (1970) Chromium speciation in seawater. Earth Planet Sci Lett 9:10-16
Emerson S, Cranston RE, Liss PS (1979) Redox species in a reducing fjord: Equilibrium and kinetic
considerations. Deep-Sea Res 26:859-878
Fendorf SE, Li G (1996) Kinetics of chromate reduction by ferrous iron. Environ Sci TechnoI30:3328-3333
Fendorf SE, Zasoski RJ (1992) Chromium{III) oxidation by 8-Mn02 1. Characterization. Environ Sci
Technol 26:79-85
Fukai RM (1967) Valency state of chromium in sea water. Nature 213:901
Fukai RM, Vas D (1969) Changes in the chemical forms of chromium on the standing of seawater samples. J Oceanogr Soc Jpn 25:47-49
Grimaud D, Michard G (1974) Concentration du chrome dans deux profils de l'ocean Pacifique. Mar
Chern 2:229-237
Jeandel C, Minster JF (1984) Isotope dilution measurement of inorganic chromium{III) and total chromium in seawater. Mar Chern 14:347-364
Hem J (1977) Reactions of metal ions at surfaces of hydrous iron oxide. Geochim Cosmochim Acta
41:527-538
Kieber RJ, Helz GR (1992) Indirect photoreduction of aqueous chromium{VI). Environ Sci Technol
26:307-312
Kuwamoto T, Murai S (1970) Preliminary report of the Hakuho-maru cruise KH-68-4. Ocean Research
Institute, University of Tokyo, p 72
Miller W, King DW, Lin J, Kester DR (1995) Photochemical redox cycling of iron in coastal seawater.
Mar Chern 50:63-77
Millero FJ, Schreiber DR (1982) Use of the ion pairing model to estimate activity coefficients of the
ionic components of natural waters. Am J Sci 282:1508-1540
Millero FJ, Yao W, Aicher J (1995) The speciation of Fe{II) and Fe{III) in natural waters. Mar Chern
50:21-39
Moffett JW, Zika RG (1983) Oxidation kinetics of Cu(I) in seawater. Implications for its existence in
the marine environment. Mar Chern 13:239-251
Murray JW, Spell B, Paul B (1983) The contrasting geochemistry of manganese and chromium in the
eastern Pacific Ocean. In: Wong q, Boyle E, Bruland KW, Burton JD, Goldberg ED (eds) Trace metals
in sea water. NATO Conf. Ser. 4, Plenum, pp 643-669
Nakayama E, Kuwamoto T, Tsurubo S, Kohoro H, Fujinaga T (1981a) Chemical speciation of chromium
in sea water. Part 1. Effect of naturally occurring organic materials on the complex formation of
chromium{III). Anal Chim Acta 130:289-294
Nakayama E, Kohoro H, Kuwamoto T, Fujinaga T (1981b) Dissolved state of chromium in seawater.
Nature 290:768-770
Nakayama E, Kuwamoto T, Kohoro H, Fujinaga T (1981C) Chemical speciation of chromium in seawater.
Part 3. The determination of chromium species. Anal Chim Acta 131:247-254
Nakayama E, Kuwamoto T, Tsurubo S, Fujinaga T (1981d) Chemical speciation of chromium in sea
water. Part 2. Effects of manganese oxides and reducible organic materials on the redox processes
of chromium. Anal Chim Acta 130:401-404
Osaki S, Osaki T, Hirashima N, Takashima Y (1983) The effect of organic matter and colloidal particles on the determination of chromium{VI) in natural waters. Talanta 30:523-526
Pettine M, Millero FJ (1990) Chromium speciation in seawater: The probable role of hydrogen peroxide. Limnol Oceanogr 35:730-736
Pettine M, La Noce T, Liberatori A, Loreti L (1988) Hydrogen peroxide interference in the determination of chromium{VI) by the diphenykarbazide method. Anal Chim Acta 209:315-319
Pettine M, Millero FJ, La Noce T (1991) Chromium{III) intercations in seawater through its oxidation
kinetics. Mar Chern 34:29-46
Pettine M, Camusso M, Martinotti W (1992) Dissolved and particulate transport of arsenic and chromium in the Po River (Italy). Sci Total Environ 119:253-280
Pettine M, Millero FJ, Passino R (1994) Reduction of chromium{VI) with hydrogen sulfide in NaCI
media. Mar Chern 46:335-344
Pettine M, Mastroianni D, Camusso M, Guzzi L, Martinotti W (1997) Distribution of As, Cr and V species in the Po-Adriatic mixing area, (Italy). Mar Chern 58:335-349
Pettine M, Barra I, Campanella L,Millero FJ (1998a) Effect of metals on the reduction of chromium{VI)
with hydrogen sulfide. Wat Res 32(9):2807-2813
M. Pettine
Eary LE, Rai D (1987) Kinetics of chromium{III) oxidation to chromium{VI) by reaction with manganese dioxide. Envir Sci Technol 21:1187-1193
Eary LE, Rai D (1988) Chromate removal from aqueous wastes by reduction with ferrous ion. Environ
Sci Technol 22:972-977
Eckert JM, Stewart JJ, Waite TD, Szymczak R, Williams KL (1990) Reduction of chromium{VI) at subIlg 1-1 levels by fulvic acid. Anal Chim Acta 236:357-362
Elderfield H (1970) Chromium speciation in seawater. Earth Planet Sci Lett 9:10-16
Emerson S, Cranston RE, Liss PS (1979) Redox species in a reducing fjord: Equilibrium and kinetic
considerations. Deep-Sea Res 26:859-878
Fendorf SE, Li G (1996) Kinetics of chromate reduction by ferrous iron. Environ Sci TechnoI30:3328-3333
Fendorf SE, Zasoski RJ (1992) Chromium{III) oxidation by 8-Mn02 1. Characterization. Environ Sci
Technol 26:79-85
Fukai RM (1967) Valency state of chromium in sea water. Nature 213:901
Fukai RM, Vas D (1969) Changes in the chemical forms of chromium on the standing of seawater samples. J Oceanogr Soc Jpn 25:47-49
Grimaud D, Michard G (1974) Concentration du chrome dans deux profils de l'ocean Pacifique. Mar
Chern 2:229-237
Jeandel C, Minster JF (1984) Isotope dilution measurement of inorganic chromium{III) and total chromium in seawater. Mar Chern 14:347-364
Hem J (1977) Reactions of metal ions at surfaces of hydrous iron oxide. Geochim Cosmochim Acta
41:527-538
Kieber RJ, Helz GR (1992) Indirect photoreduction of aqueous chromium{VI). Environ Sci Technol
26:307-312
Kuwamoto T, Murai S (1970) Preliminary report of the Hakuho-maru cruise KH-68-4. Ocean Research
Institute, University of Tokyo, p 72
Miller W, King DW, Lin J, Kester DR (1995) Photochemical redox cycling of iron in coastal seawater.
Mar Chern 50:63-77
Millero FJ, Schreiber DR (1982) Use of the ion pairing model to estimate activity coefficients of the
ionic components of natural waters. Am J Sci 282:1508-1540
Millero FJ, Yao W, Aicher J (1995) The speciation of Fe{II) and Fe{III) in natural waters. Mar Chern
50:21-39
Moffett JW, Zika RG (1983) Oxidation kinetics of Cu(I) in seawater. Implications for its existence in
the marine environment. Mar Chern 13:239-251
Murray JW, Spell B, Paul B (1983) The contrasting geochemistry of manganese and chromium in the
eastern Pacific Ocean. In: Wong q, Boyle E, Bruland KW, Burton JD, Goldberg ED (eds) Trace metals
in sea water. NATO Conf. Ser. 4, Plenum, pp 643-669
Nakayama E, Kuwamoto T, Tsurubo S, Kohoro H, Fujinaga T (1981a) Chemical speciation of chromium
in sea water. Part 1. Effect of naturally occurring organic materials on the complex formation of
chromium{III). Anal Chim Acta 130:289-294
Nakayama E, Kohoro H, Kuwamoto T, Fujinaga T (1981b) Dissolved state of chromium in seawater.
Nature 290:768-770
Nakayama E, Kuwamoto T, Kohoro H, Fujinaga T (1981C) Chemical speciation of chromium in seawater.
Part 3. The determination of chromium species. Anal Chim Acta 131:247-254
Nakayama E, Kuwamoto T, Tsurubo S, Fujinaga T (1981d) Chemical speciation of chromium in sea
water. Part 2. Effects of manganese oxides and reducible organic materials on the redox processes
of chromium. Anal Chim Acta 130:401-404
Osaki S, Osaki T, Hirashima N, Takashima Y (1983) The effect of organic matter and colloidal particles on the determination of chromium{VI) in natural waters. Talanta 30:523-526
Pettine M, Millero FJ (1990) Chromium speciation in seawater: The probable role of hydrogen peroxide. Limnol Oceanogr 35:730-736
Pettine M, La Noce T, Liberatori A, Loreti L (1988) Hydrogen peroxide interference in the determination of chromium{VI) by the diphenykarbazide method. Anal Chim Acta 209:315-319
Pettine M, Millero FJ, La Noce T (1991) Chromium{III) intercations in seawater through its oxidation
kinetics. Mar Chern 34:29-46
Pettine M, Camusso M, Martinotti W (1992) Dissolved and particulate transport of arsenic and chromium in the Po River (Italy). Sci Total Environ 119:253-280
Pettine M, Millero FJ, Passino R (1994) Reduction of chromium{VI) with hydrogen sulfide in NaCI
media. Mar Chern 46:335-344
Pettine M, Mastroianni D, Camusso M, Guzzi L, Martinotti W (1997) Distribution of As, Cr and V species in the Po-Adriatic mixing area, (Italy). Mar Chern 58:335-349
Pettine M, Barra I, Campanella L,Millero FJ (1998a) Effect of metals on the reduction of chromium{VI)
with hydrogen sulfide. Wat Res 32(9):2807-2813