492
-, cycle 119
-, dry 328, 389
-, dust, ocean 70
-, iron 63
-, NHx 63
-, NOy, rate 63
depression 74, 446
depth 3,5,14,29,84-86,94-95,105,109-110,
112-114,120-121, 125-128,130,132,137-140,
142,147,153-154,156,158,160,172,185,221,
391,394, 396, 429, 434, 445-447, 449-450,
452,475
DES see oestrogen diethylstilboestrol
desert 65-66, 93
desorption 150,455
destruction 91
Desulfovibrio 168
desulphurization 432
detection, spectrophotometric (SPEC) 386, 388,
398-400
detoxification 325,335,347, 409
-, POPs 325
DFAA see dissolved free amino acids
diagenesis 136,139,147-150,153-154,156,
158-159,161,172,174,179,185,455
-, organic matter 147
-, control 148
dialkylamine 233
dialysis 386
diatom 127,130,135,137,142,157,160,347,395,475
-, bloom 475
-, cell wall 137
diazotisation 398
dibenzodioxin 325
dibenzofuranes (PCDFs) 325-326,411
dibutyltin 353, 362, 369, 375
-, (IV) 353,362
-, (IV)dichloride 362
DIC see dissolved inorganic carbon
dicofol 315
diethylenetriamine 233
diethylstilboestrol 309
dimethylarsenic 341
dimethylarsenite 343
dimethylarsenosugar 348
dimethylarsinate 345,349
dimethylarsinic acid, distribution 341
dimethylarsinic acid (DMAA) 338,340-341,
344-345,347
dimethylarsinoylethanol 349
dimethylarsinylribosides 337
dimethylsulphate (DMS) 415
-, oxidation 38, 50-51
dimethylsulphide (DMS) 38,48,50-55,57-59,101
-, atmospheric chemistry 54
-, distribution 54
-, DMSO 373,376
-,DMSP 54
-, emission 48, 55
-, production 54
dimethylsulphonium 54
DIN see dissolved inorganic nitrogen
dinoflagellate 54,391, 475
diorganotin(IV)amoxicillin 360
diorganotin(IV)dichloride 353
dioxide 16,100,106-107,118,168,182-185
dioxin 325, 411
diphenyltin(IV)dichloride 362
disease 318,319
disinfectant 352
dismutation 99
dispersion 37,385
disrupter 310-311,317
Index
disruption 63, 309-310, 313, 316, 318-319, 347
dissociation 167-168,406
dissolved
-, free amino acids (DFAA) 471,473,482
-, inorganic carbon (DIC) 429,437
-, inorganic nitrogen (DIN) 62
-, organic carbon (DOC) 94, 136, 138, 469,
471-472,474-475,477-482
-, analysis 471
-, organic matter (DOM) 84-85, 88, 92,
94-95,99,469-472,475,480,482
-, dynamics 470
-, organic nitrogen (DON) 62-63, 238
disturbance 313, 455
disulphide 174
dithiol 345
DMAA see dimethylarsinic acid
DMS see dimethyl sulphide
DNA 365,367-368,408-411,415-420
-, biosensor 415,419-420
-, electrochemical 415
-, double-stranded (dsDNA) 416-418
-, fragmentation 365
-, recombinant techniques 408
-, structure 415
DOC see dissolved organic carbon
dogwhelk (Nucella lapillus) 310-311
dolomite 116, 171
dolphin 319,375-376
-, striped (Stenella coeruleoalba) 375- 376
DOM see dissolved organic matter
DON see dissolved organic nitrogen
DOP see degree of pyritization
double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) 416-418
downwelling 117
drainage 428, 446
drainage basin 1
dredging 458
drinking water 403, 406, 407, 411
-, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)
406
-, level, European Union 407
drop 52,171
droplet 35, 36, 38-40, 45, 50, 53, 57-58, 62,
373-374
drug 404, 410, 415
dry deposition 328, 389
dsDNA see double-stranded DNA
DTMP see degree of trace metal pyritization
dust 37,39,41-42,44-45,47,50,61,64-73,76,
125,142
-, cycle 119
-, dry 328, 389
-, dust, ocean 70
-, iron 63
-, NHx 63
-, NOy, rate 63
depression 74, 446
depth 3,5,14,29,84-86,94-95,105,109-110,
112-114,120-121, 125-128,130,132,137-140,
142,147,153-154,156,158,160,172,185,221,
391,394, 396, 429, 434, 445-447, 449-450,
452,475
DES see oestrogen diethylstilboestrol
desert 65-66, 93
desorption 150,455
destruction 91
Desulfovibrio 168
desulphurization 432
detection, spectrophotometric (SPEC) 386, 388,
398-400
detoxification 325,335,347, 409
-, POPs 325
DFAA see dissolved free amino acids
diagenesis 136,139,147-150,153-154,156,
158-159,161,172,174,179,185,455
-, organic matter 147
-, control 148
dialkylamine 233
dialysis 386
diatom 127,130,135,137,142,157,160,347,395,475
-, bloom 475
-, cell wall 137
diazotisation 398
dibenzodioxin 325
dibenzofuranes (PCDFs) 325-326,411
dibutyltin 353, 362, 369, 375
-, (IV) 353,362
-, (IV)dichloride 362
DIC see dissolved inorganic carbon
dicofol 315
diethylenetriamine 233
diethylstilboestrol 309
dimethylarsenic 341
dimethylarsenite 343
dimethylarsenosugar 348
dimethylarsinate 345,349
dimethylarsinic acid, distribution 341
dimethylarsinic acid (DMAA) 338,340-341,
344-345,347
dimethylarsinoylethanol 349
dimethylarsinylribosides 337
dimethylsulphate (DMS) 415
-, oxidation 38, 50-51
dimethylsulphide (DMS) 38,48,50-55,57-59,101
-, atmospheric chemistry 54
-, distribution 54
-, DMSO 373,376
-,DMSP 54
-, emission 48, 55
-, production 54
dimethylsulphonium 54
DIN see dissolved inorganic nitrogen
dinoflagellate 54,391, 475
diorganotin(IV)amoxicillin 360
diorganotin(IV)dichloride 353
dioxide 16,100,106-107,118,168,182-185
dioxin 325, 411
diphenyltin(IV)dichloride 362
disease 318,319
disinfectant 352
dismutation 99
dispersion 37,385
disrupter 310-311,317
Index
disruption 63, 309-310, 313, 316, 318-319, 347
dissociation 167-168,406
dissolved
-, free amino acids (DFAA) 471,473,482
-, inorganic carbon (DIC) 429,437
-, inorganic nitrogen (DIN) 62
-, organic carbon (DOC) 94, 136, 138, 469,
471-472,474-475,477-482
-, analysis 471
-, organic matter (DOM) 84-85, 88, 92,
94-95,99,469-472,475,480,482
-, dynamics 470
-, organic nitrogen (DON) 62-63, 238
disturbance 313, 455
disulphide 174
dithiol 345
DMAA see dimethylarsinic acid
DMS see dimethyl sulphide
DNA 365,367-368,408-411,415-420
-, biosensor 415,419-420
-, electrochemical 415
-, double-stranded (dsDNA) 416-418
-, fragmentation 365
-, recombinant techniques 408
-, structure 415
DOC see dissolved organic carbon
dogwhelk (Nucella lapillus) 310-311
dolomite 116, 171
dolphin 319,375-376
-, striped (Stenella coeruleoalba) 375- 376
DOM see dissolved organic matter
DON see dissolved organic nitrogen
DOP see degree of pyritization
double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) 416-418
downwelling 117
drainage 428, 446
drainage basin 1
dredging 458
drinking water 403, 406, 407, 411
-, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)
406
-, level, European Union 407
drop 52,171
droplet 35, 36, 38-40, 45, 50, 53, 57-58, 62,
373-374
drug 404, 410, 415
dry deposition 328, 389
dsDNA see double-stranded DNA
DTMP see degree of trace metal pyritization
dust 37,39,41-42,44-45,47,50,61,64-73,76,
125,142